ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOL IN MADURA (A STUDY ON LEADERSHIP TRANSFORMATION PROCESS AT THE END OF THE 20 CENTURY)

ABD. HALIM SOEBAHAR , NIM. 88104/S3 (2008) ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOL IN MADURA (A STUDY ON LEADERSHIP TRANSFORMATION PROCESS AT THE END OF THE 20 CENTURY). Doctoral thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA.

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Abstract

By the end of the 20 th century, transformation procees has influenced every aspect of life, including pesantren ( Islamic Boarding School). Although the role of other institutions starts to weaken, pesantren maintains to develop its important position in national education system that studies on pesantren have been intensified, A study on pesantren, however, can never be separated from the role of kiai, because kiai is the leader of the Islamic institution and also one of the most important elements of the development of the school. The problem faced by pesantren leadership transformation can be formulated as follows: how the process of leadership transformation in pesantren looks like if ittt is being analysed from: leadership transfoemation process, elemens of leadership competence and kiai’s method in preparing them, and why such transformation occurs. Secondly, how leadership transformation affects innovation of pesantren education system reflected from kiai’s response on the innovation and pattern of innovation on education system being developed, and why such transformation emerges. The study is methodologically a multi side study because it designs its orientation on developing theories through research in various places. Based on Goetz and Le Compte “criterion based selection “, five pesantren are designated to be the objects of the study, they are as follows: PP Syaikhon Kholil Bangkalan, PP At-Taruqqi Sampang, PP Banyuanyar Pamekasan, PP An-Nuqayah Sumenep, and PP Al-Amin Sumenep. Data are collected through participant observation, indepth interview, and documentary study. The purposive are selected from kiai’s, kiai’s children, santri’s administrators, and prominent figures in Madura Adding to the applied phenomenology approach, the analysis administers schegel’s grounded research suggesting that every analysis should be based on the existing data, not on the pre-designed ideas. The findings of the study are as follows: first, the transformation process of leadership in pesantren is conducted naturally through the death of the kiai nor fight elderly kiai. There has never been any leadership transformation before the death of the for the position of pesantren leader after kiai passed away. In the future, nevertheless, leadership transformation process should apply more relevant type of leadership so that pesantren leader will not only prioritise patrimonial factor but also leadership competence. Secondly, leadership component is indeed an important part of transformation process. The development, however, must be focused. Leadership competence and talent need to be explored and developed in such a manner that the candidate will be more capable of solving problems and facing challanges. Third, there is a tendency of weaking spirit to prepare leadership competence in pesantren to replace them. In the future, kiai should be more proactive in intensify their competence through periodically held a rihlah ilmiah or provide in intensify their competence through periodically held a rihlah ilmiah or provide scholarship for talented children or santri. Fourth, there are variety of responses of kiai and experts causing the innovation underdeveloped. Commitment needs to be strengthened in the future, although it will never be easy due to lack of knowledge, technology and the need of restructuring the function of the institution. Refering to the above findings, the author recommends preparation of pesantren leadership. The development of sciences and the ever-changing era should trigger candidates of kiai to be more proactive and to regularly upgrade them. Hopefully, those findings reflect the contribution of this paper for many parties.

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