HERMENEUTIKA RELIJIUS PAUL RICOUER (1913-2005) DAN FAZLUR RAHMAN (1919 – 1988)

MUSNUR HERY, NIM. 953037 (2007) HERMENEUTIKA RELIJIUS PAUL RICOUER (1913-2005) DAN FAZLUR RAHMAN (1919 – 1988). Doctoral thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA.

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Abstract

The dissertation entitled paul ricoeur (1913-2005) and Fazlur Rahman (1919-1988) Religious Hermeneutics started from the fact the religiosity in one side was not a plain experience, but was a documented experience in religious text-its meaning is always reinterpreted based on cultural tradition, different from what was writen in the text, while in other side, religious text existed through atradition building ( interpretation) in society. Hence, to preserve it, a new interpretation was needed. The matters analyzed here were how could a sacred religious text mingle and be interpretated by human historicity and temporality profanity and how far were the reader’s authority and capability in comprehending a religious text which is suitable thoughts religious text were ontologically comprehended on and from the transcendent (God), yet the immanent interpretation was epistemologically distinctive. The former thinker stated that it had productive characteristics, while the later thought it was merely on reproductive one. To achieve the case. Distinctive exploration of the two polarizations was done in a hermeneutic method, critical reflection, analytical and synthetically method using Anthony C. Thiselton’s theoritical construction on text tranormation, namely text and reader domination. The comparison between the thoughts of Paul ricoeur and Fazlur rahman showed that they shared the same notion at almost all ontological aspecs and the content of religious texts and differences on their methodological comprehension and interpretation. The urgency of Qur’anic exegesis method, faith and God’s certrality as a fundamental aspect and hermeneutical circle, the sacred text unity (completeness), discourse and religious text (writing), double author concepts implicating to ttanscendent and religious text immanency, poetic –metaphoric language, sensual meaning, referential and multiple meanings in a religious text were fundamental concepts which were appropriately comprehended as their typical religious texts. The two figures affected by meaning plurality saw that interpretation was open, dynamic, continuously processing and without truth claims. In epistemological range, the interpretation methodelogy of the two thinkers was very clear and distinctve. Reader domination paradigm of the first character and text domination on the second character showed a fundamental methodological interpretation in s diametric frame work ; autonomous and centralistic text, ontological and historical reference, subjective and psychological meaning, object interpretation “in front of the text” and “behind the text”, subjective –contructive-active and objective –reconstructive-historical type interpretation, docontextualixation –recontextualization method of comprehension (through distension, appropriation on semantic, reflective, technique and existential level), contextualization through historicism, and “double movement” techniques. The difference showed the root of typical and distintive thought transparently. Paul Ricoeur based his thought on western philosophy, while Fazlur Rahman’s thought tradition was rooted in Qur’anic idiom. This implied to a free interpretation quality on Paul Ricoeur’s religious hermeneutics thought than taht on Fazlur Rahman’s. Fazlur Rahman’s religious hermeneutic which had a historicsm tendency was in fact more normative than Paul Ricoeur’s religious hermenutic which was anti-historicism. The sythetic studies of the two religious hermeneutic paradigms would give a new direction to Islamic studies taht were derived from their contribution to the religious study. The paradigm change of the text studies as ‘subject’ to text studies as ‘object’ , a more independent and jihad thought trough text autonomy, the distinction of sacred and profane dimension in Islamic studies, historicity-normatively resonance on Islamic Studies, Islamic Studies through written discourse, Islamic studies interconecction with social humanities and science, open- minded, anti narcissism on religiousity pluralism, Islamic studies through ‘insider’ and ‘outsider’ were essential elements to Islamic studies development focusing on synthetically studies of Paul Ricoeur and Fazlur Rahman’s religious hermeneutics.

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