THE HOLY MALE GAZE IN MARTIN LINGS’S “MUHAMMAD: HIS LIFE BASED ON THE EARLIEST SOURCES” NOVEL

ARINA HASBANA, NIM, 15150018 (2019) THE HOLY MALE GAZE IN MARTIN LINGS’S “MUHAMMAD: HIS LIFE BASED ON THE EARLIEST SOURCES” NOVEL. Skripsi thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA.

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Abstract

Abstract Woman is often regarded as the sexual object. Aishah has been chosen in this study because she is a character that is depicted in a unique way. She is the youngest wife of the Prophet Muhammad. Author’s gender subjectivity will always attach in the way of seeing things. “Muhammad: His Life Based on the Earliest Sources” is a novel written by Martin Lings. As a male writer, Martin Lings describes the female character (Aishah) according to his gender subjectivity. The description of a female character by a male author is gender refraction. Gender refraction is social construction of women and men in society. So that, male gaze is included in this process. The aim of this research is to find how the character of Aishah is narrated by the male author in the story. The method of this research is qualitative method that applies descriptive analysis. The researcher uses library research to find the appropriate data of this research. A theory used in this study is Narratology theory by Mieke Bal. It focuses on the focalization that talks about Aishah. Focalization is categorized into the type of focalization, the focalizer and the focalized object. The result of this research concludes that the male gaze is powerful and Aishah is powerless. Male gaze is the determiner of all things relate to the character. How reader sees Aishah, her life, her characteristics, and her existence in the story depends on how male gaze describe the things. Keywords: gender, Aishah, focalization, male gaze, characteristics

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