PENDEKATAN MA‘NĀ-CUM-MAGHZĀ ATAS AYAT JILD DALAM AL-QUR’AN

Ridha Hayati, NIM. 18205010040 (2020) PENDEKATAN MA‘NĀ-CUM-MAGHZĀ ATAS AYAT JILD DALAM AL-QUR’AN. Masters thesis, UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI SUNAN KALIJAGA.

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Abstract

This paper explores the ma‘nā-cum-maghzā approach to jild verses in the Qur'an. So far, the meaning of jild has drawn debate, especially in QS. Al-Nur: 2 which generally interpreted that the meaning of jild in this verse is physical punishment, stoning (rajam) for muhsan and whipping for ghairu muhsan. Pre-modern to modern-contemporary commentators generally interpret this verse textually while the interpretation of the hadith using bi al-ma'ṡūr interpretation (referring to narrations) to find the meaning. With this reading, it means that it has only reached the historical meaning (al-ma'nā al-tārīkhī), furthermore, it has not looked at the historical phenomenal significance (al-maghzā al-tārīkhī) and the dynamic phenomenal significance (al-maghā al- mutaharrik). Therefore the writer uses the ma'nā-cum-maghzā approach to obtain historical significance and then develops it into dynamic (present / contemporary) significance. The results of this study indicate: First, the historical meaning (ma‘nā al-tārīkhī) of jild is a form of corporal punishment and other forms of physical punishment have been accepted as a form of punishment in 7th century hijri calendar. It can be traced that the using of whips in the history of human diversity includes three aspects: asceticism (flogging oneself to show redemptive behavior), punishment, and performance. Second, the historical phenomenal significance (al-maghzā al-tārīkhī) from jild verse namely; 1) maintaining honor 2) form of legal relief 3) giving deterrent / repentance effect 4) removing oppression 5) being careful in imposing law 6) encouraging closing disgrace. Third, the dynamic phenomenal significance (al-maghzā al-mutaharrik) is that jild in QS. Al- Al-Nūr: 2 is a category of implementation value. These implementation values are specific measures or steps used to practice the values of community protection. The sizes listed in the QS. Al-Nur: 2 is the law of flogging 100 times for those who commit adultery (zina). This verse talks about the mechanism form problem solving in society. Then, the purpose of QS Al-Nūr: 2 is hifẓu nasl (to carry out a legal marriage) and hifẓu nafs, a protection in the community as an effort to prevent crime (adultery). So when it is a form of prevention, that form can be replaced by another form which is similar.

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