FROM MUSAYLIMA TO THE KHARIJITE NAJDIYYA

Al Makin, . (2013) FROM MUSAYLIMA TO THE KHARIJITE NAJDIYYA. Al-Jamiah, Vol.51 (No 1). ISSN 0126-012X

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Abstract

This paper tries to reconstruct the following accounts: the defeat of Musaylima and the death of his prominent followers, and the rise of the Kharijite Najdiyya in Yamama. Moreover, this study seeks the evidence which points to the possible connection between Musaylima’s movement and the Kharijite Najdiyya. This paper highlights that many founders and prominent leaders of the Kharijites, and particularly the Najdiyya sect, came from the tribe of H anifa, to which Musaylima belonged. This, among other things, seems to have become the main impulse of attraction for the people of H anifa to join the sect. Additionally, the ‘characteristics’ and the ‘image’ of the Najdiyya reflect those of Musaylima. This leads us to conjecture that the people of H anifa, having failed to defend their prophet Musaylima and the land of Yamama against the Medinan caliphate under Abu Bakr in the Battle of ‘Aqraba, later joined the Kharijite Najdiyya. Artikel ini menjelaskan kekalahan Musaylima dan kematian pengikutpengikut utamanya serta kemunculan aliran Khawarij Najdiyya di Yamama. Melalui artikel ini, penulis membuktikan relasi antara gerakan Musaylima dan Khawarij Najdiyya. Ini bisa dibuktikan dengan mencermati fakta bahwa sebagian pendiri dan tokoh utama Khawarij, utamanya sekte Najdiyya, berasal dari suku H anifa --suku yang juga menjadi asal muasal Musaylima. Kesamaan suku inilah --dan beberapa faktor lainnya-- nampaknya menjadi daya tarik tersendiri bagi orang-orang suku H anifa untuk bergabung dengan sekte Najdiyya. Selain itu, ‘karakteristik’ dan ‘imej’ sekte Najdiyya yang menyerupai gerakan Musaylima adalah hal lain yang turut menguatkan asumsi tersebut. Pandangan inilah yang kemudian mengantarkan penulis pada kesimpulan bahwa, setelah gagal mempertahankan nabi mereka, Musaylima, dan wilayah mereka, Yamama, melawan khilafah Islam di Madinah yang dipimpin Abu Bakr, suku H anifa memilih memberontak dan bergabung dengan sekte Khawarij Najdiyya.

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