THE EINTERPRETATION OF MAQASID AL-SHARI’AH (A STUDY ON JASSER AUDA’S THOUGHT AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE IN DEVELOPING THE METHODOLOGY OF QUR’ANIC INTERPRETATION)

AKHMAD MUGHZI ABDILLAH , SIN. 09532007 (2013) THE EINTERPRETATION OF MAQASID AL-SHARI’AH (A STUDY ON JASSER AUDA’S THOUGHT AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE IN DEVELOPING THE METHODOLOGY OF QUR’ANIC INTERPRETATION). Skripsi thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA.

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Abstract

Maqasid al-shari’ah, as basic theory of Islamic jurisprudence that is expectable to be a scientific theory that will answer juridical questions and to solve contemporary issues, today, cannot provide yet a real solution for them, especially for Islamic issues. Currently, Muslims live in an increasingly complex situation, which is the result of a huge social change in the era of globalization. So they have a big duty to contextualize their religion and construct new meaning of being Muslims in the modern era. Jasser Auda, a progressive Muslim from Egypt, is present to reconceptualise and reactualise maqas}id as a machine for Muslims to reconcile the Islamic identity with contemporary global issues. In developing the maqasid theory, he proposes ‘system approach’ for analyzing the text. It suggests to get more philosophical and contextual meaning. This theory will enrich the available methodology of Qur’anic interpretation. Thus, the focuses of this research are: what are the principal concepts of maqasid alshari’ ah according to Jasser Auda?, and what is the significance of his maqasid theory in developing the methodology of Qur’anic interpretation?. This is a qualitative research using descriptive analytical method. The primary source is Auda’s book, Maqasid Al-Shari’ah As Philosophy of Islamic Law, and the secondary one includes his book Maqasid Al-Shari’ah A Beginner’s Guide and other relevant books. This research also uses the philosophical approach to analyze critically and construct the maqasid theory into basis for the method of Qur’anic interpretation. According to Auda, the maqasid theory must be reinterpreted to be the applicable one. He renews hierarchy of the five necessities (al-daruriyyat alkhams) from ‘protection’ that is formulated by al-Ghazali and al-Shatibi, into ‘development’ which suggests maqasid al-shari’ah as instrumental methodology for reforming and improving Muslim’s life. On the basis of a system approach, he reinterpret the maqasid theory. He proposes some significant principles of system theory, i.e., cognitive nature of system, wholeness, openness, interrelated hierarchy, multi-dimensionality, and purposefulness, shaping the unity of method that is interrelated among the others. Absolutely, this huge contribution influences the development of the method of Qur’anic interpretation, especially to interpretation of legal verses. In conclusion, Auda’s theory of maqasid al-shari’ah is useful for elaborating the methodology of Qur’anic interpretation. It influences some points of the principles, as follows: (1) The maqasid as thematic interpretation of the Qur’an. (2) The maqasid as decisive aspect in the interpretation of the Qur’an (al-‘ibrah bi al-maqasid). (3) The maqasid as constructive solution to seemingly contradictory verses (al-ta’arud baina al-ayat). (4) The maqasid-cum-philosophical system as basis for a contextual interpretation.

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