ISLAM DAN NEGARA: STUDI KOMPARATIF PEMIKIRAN ALI ABD.AL-RAZIQ DAN ABUL A’LA AL-MAUDUDI

SULTHAN SYAHRIL, NIM. 90153 (2008) ISLAM DAN NEGARA: STUDI KOMPARATIF PEMIKIRAN ALI ABD.AL-RAZIQ DAN ABUL A’LA AL-MAUDUDI. Doctoral thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA.

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Abstract

Ali Abd. Al-Raziq and Abul A’la al-Maududi are the modern prominent Moslem Scholars conducting renewal on Islamic politics and state. Some political analysts think that their thoughts, to some extent, are still relevant to become an alternative of developing a more democratic state so that the absolutism and authoritarianism will no longer control people’s life. This study aims at elaborating Islam and State: Comparative Study of Ali Abd.Al-Raziq’s though (1888-1996) and Abul A’la al Maududi”s (1903-1979). It mainly focuses on the substances of tjose two authors’ thoughts on state, what the similarities and differences are,and why Ali Abd. Al-Raziq’s thoughhon state differd from Abul A’la al-Maududi’s. The study , based on its goal, is a libarary research conducted comparatively, that is., the descriptive investigation intended to accomplish a solution through the analysis related to the investigated phenomenon. The data are collected through library study. There are two resources, namely primary and secondary resources. The former is the monumental work of Ali Abd. Al-Raziq entitled: al-Islam wa Ushul a-hukm, and that of Abul A’la al-Maududi entitled Nazhariyyat al-Islam al-Siyasah and Alternativewhile the latter is in forms of scientific books, documents and other scientific works written by Moslem scholars regarding Islamic politics discussed in this study. Furthermore, the data analysis is organized by (1) Interpretation: the exploration and understanding of meaning and expression provided by prominent figures to obtain right comprehension. (2)Holistic: the subject becoming a study object that is not only individually analyzed (isolated from surroundings), but also socially scrutinized by looking at the whole facts around him. (3)Historic al continuity: the unbreakable chains of the entire activities and phenomena of one’s life. The result of study are: 1) al-Raziq argued the impossibility of integrating the religion and state sence both are different. Based on Khilafah, the obligation is not about on how to establish the integration but to enforce the Islamic law instead. He also said that Islam explicitly does not determine the form of state and government. Moslem have absolute freedom in line with the current socio-economical situation and their intellectual capacity, al-Maudady pointed out that Islam is a final religion providing complete guidance to lead human’s life, including politics. The only supreme sovereignity belongs to Allah and khilafah represented from community in hence needed to implement the guidance. To Maududi, Khilafahs possessing absolute power is just Allah’s vicegerent implementing His command and their power follows Allah’s rules. The styate is Theo-democracy where the people’s life is guided by Allah’s rules and His prophets. The state system in Islam is a universal which in based on ideology and not on colors, races, languages and geographical borders. 2) Their similarities are that they based their thoughts on normative values, were intelligent, were concerned on Islamic political thoughts and critically responded to the hegemony of British colonialism.Meanwhile, the differences are that al-Raziq was more rational but al-Maududi was more literal and normative. Although al –Raziq was more liberal, he always referred to Holy Qur’an and Hadits (Prophet’s Tradition) while Al-Maududi was chiefly influenced by the tradisionalists, i.e. salaf (predecessors). Al –Raziq acquired modern education whereas al-Maududi underwent the traditional one. Al-Raziq tended to the western liberal thoughts and the political plights accurring in Turkey while al-Maududi tended to traditional scholars’ thoughts that were concervative and were considered parallel with ikhwanul Muslimun and other radical groups. 3) Al-Maududi’s paradigm, in general, was influenced by salaf (predecessors), while a-Raziqs by liberal thoughts. Al-Maududi mainly applied noprmative, liberal and traditional approaches while al-Raziq utilized rational, contextual, liberal and secular approaches by relating the substances of problem to the historical facts happening in prophet’s period and al-Khulafa’ al-Rasyidun (the prophet successors). The researcher strongly suggests that the state and governance in Islam do not simply refer to one system as long as it is not against Islamic rules and is relevant to the people’s current socio-condition. The concept of Islamic state system offered by a-Maududi is fully normative, formal and ideological. The concept of “Islamic state” is basically hard to realize , particularly in a heterogeneous country like Indonesia. Kata kunci: Islam dan Negara, Ali Abd. Al-Raziq

Item Type: Thesis (Doctoral)
Additional Information: Promotor: Prof. Dr. H. Musa Sueb
Uncontrolled Keywords: Islam dan Negara, Ali Abd. Al-Raziq
Subjects: Ilmu Agama Islam
Divisions: Pascasarjana > Disertasi > Ilmu Agama Islam
Depositing User: Sugeng Hariyanto, SIP (sugeng.hariyanto@uin-suka.ac.id)
Date Deposited: 22 Dec 2014 09:12
Last Modified: 13 Apr 2015 10:22
URI: http://digilib.uin-suka.ac.id/id/eprint/15177

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