%A NIM.  09.34.705/S3 M. HADI MASRURI
%O Prof. Dr. H. Machasin M.A.
%T SEJARAH SOSIAL PEREMPUAN DALAM ISLAM:
MASA NABI DAN AL-KHULAFA’ AR-RASYIDUN
(TAHUN 610-661 M)
%X Outlook against women that define its role in the purely domestic sector still prevails
to this day in Islamic societies, especially in the countries of the Middle East, where some
consider that Islam is against women's role in the public sector and the roots go back to the
Sunnah. Because of this, study aims to solve this problem and descend in two things: 1) Why
is Islam against the role of women in the domestic sector ?; 2) and if so, why has such
prominent figures as Khadija, Umm ‘Amara and ‘Aisya and other social roles effectively in
the structure of Arab society male?
This research uses historical method with its four stages, i.e., heuristic stage, source
criticism, interpretation and history writing (historiography). By means of the social history
as its approach (structural-functional), the research seeks to unravel not only the daily life of
society at hand (history of society), but also its social structure and function so as to
determine the factors underlying the social, economic, political, or religious interaction. It is
in this way that we hope to understand properly why Muslim women in the prophetic and al-
Khulafa’ ar-Rasyidun era are capable of playing their role socially and what are the factors
behind that.
Finally, this study came to the conclusion that the expansion of the Islamic empire
and conquest of new lands in the caliphate era, especially in the caliph 'Us\man ibn' Affan
impact rise of the Jawari are almost uncontrollable in the center of the Medina Islamic
government and conquered new territories fairly impossible to identify between them and
the ‘afifat chaste is inevitable even confined to their effectiveness in the domestic sector
imperceptibly, as well as the imposition of the Prophet peace be upon him veil on his wives
may contribute to reducing the roles that women play in the following periods.
The woman enjoys complete freedom to play their roles in Arab society masculine, as
the social structure of the pre-Islamic Arab society does not actually have definite rules that
prohibit the active participation of Arab women in the social life. And this is being used by
Islam to build the frame of social relations whereby men and women are given equal rights
and obligations, which led to the emergence of prominent figures in the history of the
Prophet and Khalifad, such as Khadija, Umm ‘Amara, Umm Waraqa, ‘Aisya and others.
Factually, historical sources at our disposal refer almost emphatically that Muslim women in
the early period of Islam act not only as a housewife performing home duties such as looking
after husband, children, and other family needs, but also as social activists in social,
economic, religious, and even political matters. This social role, as far as social theory is
concerned, is triggered by various factors such as economic advantage, social status, and
religious commitment.
Theoretically speaking, this research may be seen as an extension of the previous
thesis built by Laila Ahmed, which assumes that women in the early period of Islam have the
freedom to take part actively in many social activities. But this social participation together
with the authority Islam has given to women to get involved in crucial social issues have
been degraded during the periods of the Umayyad and Abbasid and continue to be so since
then. []
%K Keywords: Public Roles, Domestic Sphere, Social Structures, Social Stratification
%D 2015
%I UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA
%L digilib16136