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RELASI SUAMI ISTRI DALAM PANDANGAN FEMINIS MUSLIM: STUDI PEMIKIRAN TOKOH NUR ROFIAH
The relationship between husband and wife in the family is a gender theme that Indonesian Muslim feminists often discuss. This is because almost all Muslim feminists accept the institution of family. Nur Rofiah as one of the Indonesian Muslim feminists also shares her gender thoughts on the scope of family law. Nur Rofiah sees the husband and wife relationship through the perspective of ultimate justice, a new perspective initiated by Nur Rofiah herself. The main problems in this study include two things, namely: how is Nur Rofiah's thinking related to husband and wife gender relations and how typology and the extent to which Nur Rofiah's thinking is located in the development of Indonesian Muslim feminist thought, especially related to the theme of husband and wife relations in family law. To answer the main problem, this research uses gender and historical approaches. The theory used is the theory of continuity and change. This research is qualitative. The data listed in this study were collected through reviewing documentation of Nur Rofiah's writings, videos, and observations through Nur Rofiah's study classes, one of which is Ngaji Keadilan Gender Islam (KGI) which Nur Rofiah formed as a medium to disseminate her thoughts. This study found that, first, Nur Rofiah brings flexible ideas related to the role and position of husband and wife. The flexibility of this idea is based on the perspective of ultimate justice that she introduced to the discussion of gender equality discourse. Through this flexibility of roles and positions, Nur Rofiah appreciates the potential of couples by accommodating women's unique experiences, especially their biological experiences. In terms of the provision of maintenance responsibilities, by accommodating women's biological experience, Nur Rofiah still emphasizes that the obligation of maintenance is given to men because the physical condition of men is stronger than women who are more vulnerable and experience longer biological experiences and pain. Although this does not apply rigidly and universally, wives can contribute to earning a living and developing their potential. In sexual relations, women are considered to have equal rights and obligations. Women's biological conditions at a certain time will experience pain or weakness, such as when they experience menstruation so men's sexual rights towards women are limited. Another issue that can be seen is the issue of nuzyuz, Nur Rofiah provides an understanding that women's social experience can improve their social position and can prevent them from being labeled nusyuz. This leads to the conclusion that men can potentially be nusyuz. Second, Nur Rofiah's thoughts on husband and wife relations belong to moderate thinking. If read through the theory of continuity and change, Nur Rofiah's thoughts have similarities with other Muslim feminists regarding the flexibility of the roles and positions of husband and wife. Nur Rofiah also maintains Islamic values in formulating her thoughts as a form of continuity of thought. Meanwhile, the aspect of change relates to how Nur Rofiah's thinking seeks to concretize the perspective of ultimate justice which focuses on women's biological and social experiences.
FAKULTAS SYARI'AH DAN HUKUM, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA
NIM.: 22203011077 Az-Zahra Aulya Salsabila, S.H
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