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TURKI BARU: ANALISIS KEBIJAKAN POLITIK RECEP TAYYIB ERDOGAN (2014‒2023)
This study examines the political policies of Recep Tayyip Erdoğan in the context of contemporary Turkish politics, specifically during the period from 2014 to 2023. During this time, his political policies exhibited fluctuating dynamics throughout his tenure as President of Turkey. Several of these policies have had a significant influence on the situation and conditions of contemporary Turkish politics. The purpose of this study is to trace, explore, and analyze Turkish politics under Erdoğan's leadership from 2014 to 2023. The research employs the theory of bureaucratic authoritarianism to analyze how Turkey, a constitutionally secular country, has been governed for an extended period by the AKP party, which is rooted in Islamist groups. In foreign policy, although Turkey is constitutionally nationalist-centric and secular, the AKP leadership has sought to position Turkey as a leader of the Islamic world by reviving the concept of Neo-Ottomanism. This study discusses how Erdoğan's policies navigate between secularism, post-Islamism, and Neo-Ottomanism within the domestic and foreign policy context of Turkey from 2014 to 2023. This characterizes the "New Turkey," highlighting Erdoğan's efforts, strategies, and policies in offering alternative solutions to break the political deadlock between secularism and Islamism by consolidating what is referred to as post- Islamism. By viewing post-Islamism as the outcome of negotiations between secularism and Islamism, this dissertation expands the conception of post-Islamism beyond merely channeling Islamic aspirations outside of non-state, community-based electoral politics. The findings of this study indicate that Erdoğan has significant ambitions to expand his political influence and reach in several countries, particularly in conflict zones such as Syria, Sudan, Libya, and other regions in the Middle East. This suggests that Erdoğan envisions modern Turkey under his rule as a leading force in the Islamic world and on the international stage. However, according to the secular doctrine of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, Turkey should have focused more on its internal affairs. The regime under Erdoğan, however, diverged from this doctrine, leading to a revival of Neo- Ottomanism. In addressing these various issues, the new direction of Turkish foreign policy under Erdoğan's government, characterized by Neo- Ottomanism, is critically analyzed. This policy has become the reference and guideline for the Turkish government in implementing its various work programs. Erdoğan has sought to negotiate and compromise between the ideologies of secularism, post-Islamism, and Neo-Ottomanism within the context of Turkish politics. To this end, he has employed various strategies and political plans to ensure the success of targeted work programs. Additionally, Erdoğan has leveraged his political bases, such as the AKP party, the tarekat network, the military, and the Diyanet, to consolidate his power in government. He has aimed to perpetuate his presidency and garner support from the Turkish populace in presidential elections. Erdoğan's populist policies, both domestically and internationally, indicate his efforts to implement important strategies to maintain and secure his power.
PASCARSARJANA, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA
TURKI BARU: ANALISIS KEBIJAKAN POLITIK RECEP TAYYIB ERDOGAN (2014‒2023) (Text)
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297.272 Islam dan Ilmu Politik, Politik Islam, Fundamentalisme