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MAKNA KATA AJAL DALAM AL-QUR’AN: KAJIAN SEMANTIK TOSHIHIKO IZUTSU
This thesis discusses the meaning of ajal in the semantic perspective of Izutsu. So far, the term ajal has always been interpreted as “death”, whereas the basic meaning of the word ajal is a time limit. In the Qur'an itself, the word ajal is actually in a wider space with various emphases on different meanings. Ajal in the Qur'an is a conceptual network that has a certain worldview if placed in semantic studies. For this reason, this thesis wants to explore the basic meaning of the word ajal, the meaning of its relationship in the Qur'an. This involves the analysis of the meaning of synchronic and diachronic as well as digging weltanschauung of the meaning of the word ajal. This thesis focuses on three questions: 1) What are the basic meanings and relation meanings of the word ajal in the Qur'an? 2) What is the chronological meaning (pre-Quranic, Quranic, post-Quranic) of the word ajal in the Qur'an? 3) How does the word weltanschauung end in the Qur'an according to Izutsu semantics? This research is classified into library research because it utilizes documented literature sources in a written work. Technically, the material object of this study is the word ajal in the Qur'an. While the formal object of this study is the semantic theory of Izutsu. This study also uses a descriptive-analytical approach, in the descriptive stage will be presented comprehensively the word death in the Qur'an, including the derivation meaning and how many times it is mentioned in the Qur'an as well as several verses containing the word ajal. Based on the results of the analysis it can be concluded that, first: Ajal means the deadline for death, the deadline for debt relief, duration and time limit. Second: syntagmatically, the relation of the meaning of the word death consists of four meanings, namely 1) meaning a promise when related to the word Allah, 2) meaning death when related to the words balaga, atā and yuakhkhira. 3) means the day of resurrection when it relates to khalaqa and sakhkhara 4) means the time of ‘iddah when it relates to the words khiṭbah, ṭallaqa, azwaja and nakaḥa. Paradigamtically, the word ajal has similarities with maut, wafāt and rāji’. In the pre-Qur'anic period, researchers only found in poetry, namely the poetry of Labīd bin Rabi'ah and Khawwat bin Jubair with the form of the word لجأ لت (grouping) and آجللج آ (fighting), in the Qur'anic period the word ajal has the meaning of suspension, death and time limit, in the post-Qur'anic period ajal in The Post-Qur'anic understanding does not seem to have changed much. Some of the data that has been mentioned is enough to explain that ajal in this era is more dominant interpreted as death and the day of resurrection. Third: The concept of ajal in the meaning of wetanchauung al-Qur'an is the concept of "day of resurrection" which includes the day of justice and the day of retribution. That when that day comes all humans will be resurrected, every action in the world will be accounted for, if they do good things then they will get pleasure. On the other hand, if he does bad things, he will receive painful punishment. This process is a stage that every human being will definitely go through according to the view of the Qur'an. This means that when someone truly understands the concept of ajal, he will know the true purpose of life.
FAKULTAS ADAB DAN ILMU BUDAYA, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA
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