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THE IDEA OF MAQASHID SYARIAH: THE FOUNDATION OF IJTIHAD IN AHMAD AR-RAISUNI's VIEW
This paper explores the ideas of the maqashid al-syari'ah Ahmad ar-Raisuni. This study is carried out within the framework of library research, reference sources and data are collected from book publications, scientific journals, research reports, websites and other documents that support the study. The data obtained were analyzed and described using descriptive analysis. From the data analysis, it can be concluded that Ahmad ar-Raisuni in his view of his maqasid was heavily influenced by his predecessor maqashid experts. Among them are Imam Haramain, Izzuddin bin Abdul Salam, Imam al-Syatibi, Tahir bin Asyur and 'Allal al-Fasi. In this context, al-Syatibi's thought provides a dominant role and contribution which can be seen through the quote of maqashid al-Syatibi used by Ahmad ar-Raisuni in several of his works. Ahmad ar-Raisuni divided the concept into three parts, namely general, special, and partial maqashid. This division refers to the division of the concept of maqashid al-syari'ah according to Tahir bin Asyur. From this division, then Ahmad ar-Raisuni established four basic rules of maqashid al-syari'ah, namely: 1) Every law rule syari'at mu'allah; 2) Every maqashid must have valid arguments; 3) The order of maslahat and mafsadat levels; and 4) Distinguishing between al-maqashid and al-wasa'il. The benefits of studying maqashid al-syari'ah according to Ahmad ar-Raisuni are that maqashid is the direction of the mujtahids, a method of thinking and analyzing, opening and closing facilities, paying attention to human goals, eliminating boredom and fostering work ethics, and being a da'wah tool.
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