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BITCOIN SEBAGAI MAL MUTAQAWIM: ANALISIS KOMPARATIF ANTARA ZIYAAD MAHOMED DAN SYAWQI IBRAHIM ABDUL KARIM ALLAM
Bitcoin, as a decentralized digital currency, has generated significant debate among ulama, Islamic organizations in Indonesia, and the international community. The main problems raised include the legal status of bitcoin as a medium of exchange, its validity in transactions, and its potential impact on economic stability and the principles of justice in Islam. This research uses the theory of Maqāsid al-Syāri'ah and Maṣlahah al-Murlahah to analyze the suitability of the views of the two ulama, Ziyaad Mahomed and Syawqi Ibrahim Abdul Karim Allam, regarding their opinion on the suitability of implementing the bitcoin system according to the principles of Islamic Shari'ah. The methods used in this research include normative with an analytical-descriptive-comparative approach, as well as utilizing academic literature, official fatwas, and data collection documentation to explore the views of the two figures. This research aims to analyze bitcoin from the perspective of muamalah fiqh through a comparative approach between the views of Ziyaad Mahomed and Syawqi Ibrahim Abdul Karim Allam. The research results show Ziyaad's view of bitcoin as Mal Mutaqawim which leads to the concept of Maqāsid al-Syāri'ah by looking at bitcoin in its development and long-term benefits in its application. In contrast to that, Syawqi actually sees bitcoin as Mal Mutaqawim in the Maqāsid al-Syāri'ah concept of evil which must be stopped in its implementation to reduce major risks. In these two views, there are similarities and differences between the views of Ziyaad Mahomed and Syawqi Ibrahim Abdul Karim Allam regarding the use of bitcoin in the digital economy. The similarity that can be seen between the two is that they both emphasize the importance of maintaining Sharia principles, in using bitcoin as a Mutaqawim Mall. Meanwhile, the difference between the two lies in the approach they take towards the potential use of bitcoin. Ziyaad Mahomed refers to the concept of maintaining aspects of Sharia in Maqāsid al-Syāri'ah and Jalbu al-Masalih in Maṣlahah al-Murlah so that it is more open to the development of bitcoin in accordance with Sharia principles. Meanwhile, Syawqi Ibrahim Abdul Karim Allam refers more to aspects of maintaining the shortcomings of the Sharia in Maqāsid al-Syāri'ah and Dar'u al-Mafsadah in Maṣlahah al-Mursaya so he emphasizes caution and avoiding wrongdoing.
FAKULTAS SYARI’AH DAN HUKUM, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA
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