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PENERAPAN PAJAK KARBON SEBAGAI STRATEGI PEMERINTAH DALAM MENGHADAPI PERUBAHAN IKLIM PERSPEKTIF MAQASHID ASY-SYARI’AH
The global challenge of climate change requires collective action to resolve it. Based on the 2016 Paris Agreement, Indonesia has a target to reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 2030, with a target reduction of 29% through domestic efforts and 41% through international assistance. Carbon tax has legitimacy because of its role as a climate control tool that enables sustainable economic growth, in line with the polluter pays principle. Carbon tax collection as an interest or benefit for the country's economy and society uses the perspective of maqâshid asy-syarî'ah (hifdz al-bi'ah). Carbon tax will increase government revenue from tax elements, while providing a positive contribution to society in supporting the country's economy which will benefit all parties. This study analyzes the implementation of carbon tax as one of the government's strategies in dealing with climate change issues from the perspective of maqâshid asy-syarî'ah (hifdz al-bi'ah). The formulation of this study is: first, how is the implementation of carbon tax as a government strategy in dealing with climate change?, second, how is the implementation of carbon tax from the perspective of maqâshid asy-syarî‟ah (hifdz al-bi‟ah)?. This type of research is library research using a statute approach and normative juridical and data analysis using a qualitative approach. The results of the study show that the implementation of carbon tax by the government provides economic incentives for companies and individuals to switch to more environmentally friendly renewable energy. Revenue from carbon tax can be used for climate change mitigation and adaptation projects, including the development of green infrastructure and investment in renewable energy. Carbon tax not only functions as a tool to reduce carbon emissions, but also as a source of funding for comprehensive efforts to address climate change. The implementation of carbon tax can be considered as a step that is in accordance with the public interest and can be an argument in formulating a law. Maṣlaḥah mursalah provides a view on the implementation of carbon tax policy with the following aspects: Environmental considerations (hifdzul-bi‟ah); Economic balance (hifdzu al-mal), carbon tax encourages companies to move towards environmentally friendly technologies, in accordance with the principle of maintaining the balance of nature; Social and Welfare (al-maslahah al-„ammah), maslahah mursalah emphasizes the importance of justice regardless of a person‟s social or economic status. The government needs to ensure that the tax burden does not burden economically vulnerable groups in society. Revenue from carbon taxes can also be used to support social programs that benefit people in need
FAKULTAS SYARI’AH DAN HUKUM, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA
PENERAPAN PAJAK KARBON SEBAGAI STRATEGI PEMERINTAH DALAM MENGHADAPI PERUBAHAN IKLIM PERSPEKTIF MAQASHID ASY-SYARI’AH (Text)
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