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REFORMASI KONSERVATISME ISLAM: ANALISIS KETERLIBATAN PEREMPUAN DALAM SEPAK BOLA ARAB SAUDI
Saudi Arabia and Wahhabism movement share a strong historical bond marked by mutual dependence, with ulama and religious authorities playing a significant role in enforcing conservative societal norms. These norms have marginalized women, restricting their ability to express themselves and pursue their interests. However, under King Salman, the introduction of Saudi Vision 2030 by Muhammad bin Salman marked a shift as it sought to tackle challenges like declining oil prices, demographic changes, and the kingdom’s conservative views. This research addresses several key questions: Why did Saudi Arabia reform its conservative culture? What is the role of football and women's positions in the kingdom's new national interests? What has been the involvement of women in Saudi Arabian football since the launch of Saudi Vision 2030? How did the ulama respond to this involvement? Utilizing descriptive-analytical qualitative research, the study applies constructivism theory alongside the concepts of national interest and liberal feminism to enhance the analysis. The research findings reveal that conservative rule reforms, to achieve the ambitious goals outlined in Saudi Vision 2030, have significantly fostered women’s active participation in football. In conjunction with these efforts, the government has sought to reduce the influence of ulama and religious authorities who have resisted progressive changes, including measures to isolate and arrest those individuals who have actively worked against the reform initiatives. As a result, women’s roles in Saudi football have evolved dramatically, moving beyond mere spectatorship to active participation as players in various clubs and the national team. Additionally, women are increasingly recognized as coaches and referees, previously rare positions in Saudi society. Despite some opposition from ulama, the reforms have garnered positive feedback, even receiving endorsements from influential religious authorities such as the Council of Senior Scholars
PASCASARJANA, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA
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