@phdthesis{digilib71515,
           month = {June},
           title = {DETERMINAN KERUSAKAN LINGKUNGAN DI NEGARA D-8 PERIODE TAHUN 2012-2023},
          school = {UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA},
          author = {NIM.: 21108010112 Shofiinaa Ngilman Nafingaa},
            year = {2025},
            note = {Acmad Nurdany, S.E.I.,S.E.,M.E.K.},
        keywords = {Kerusakan Lingkungan, Pertumbuhan Ekonomi, Industrialisasi, Urbanisasi, dan Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)},
             url = {https://digilib.uin-suka.ac.id/id/eprint/71515/},
        abstract = {Since the beginning of the industrial revolution, global environmental damage has increased. This can be seen from the increase in carbon dioxide emissions, which is a main cause of climate change and global warming. This research aims to analyze the impact of economic growth, industrialization, urbanization, and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) on environmental damage in D-8 member countries during the period 2012-2023. This study uses panel data regression methods fixed-effect model approach with a Cross-section SUR. The results of this study indicate that the variables of urbanization and FDI have a positive significant effect on environmental damage. The economic growth variable, proxied by GDP has a significant negative effect and GDP squared has a significant positive effect on environmental damage. Meanwhile, industrialization does not have an impact on environmental damage.}
}