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INTERPRETASI NILAI-NILAI HADIS POLITIK MELALUI PARADIGMA INTEGRASI INTERKONEKSI
This study focuses on the interpretation of political hadith values in the present context using the method of understanding hadith initiated by Yūsuf al-Qarḍāwī and interpreting hadith using the integration-interconnection paradigm. The main problem is the tension between a rigid textualist understanding of the hadith and the demands of democracy, human rights, and pluralism. The hadith is often instrumentalised to legitimise power, so a comprehensive interpretation using an integration-interconnection approach is needed to bridge the dichotomy between religious texts and contemporary socio-political realities. Textually, the Hadīth narrated in Musnad al-Dārimī No. 2,563 states that the leadership is in the hands of Quraysh, which raises questions about its relevance in the context of today's multicultural society. In this context, the hadith of Quraysh leadership is not only seen as a form of historical statement that regulates who has the right to lead, but also as a symbol of ideal leadership characteristics, such as social nobility, justice, solodarity, competence and strong influence. This study aims to answer the following two problems; 1) What is the understanding of political hadiths? 2) How is the interpretation of political hadith values through the paradigm of interconnection integration and the implications of its use? The research method used is qualitative with a library research approach, combining understanding with text analysis (bayānī), critical reasoning (burhānī), and contextual-spiritual ('irfānī). Using the integration-interconnection paradigm, this research seeks to connect these political values with the current socio-political reality, especially in Indonesia, which is rich in ethnic and cultural diversity. Translated with DeepL.com (free version). The process of understanding hadith is done by using Yūsuf al-Qarḍāwī who offers eight steps in understanding hadith, but the author only uses five of the eight theories, namely: 1) Understanding the hadith in accordance with the Qur'anic instructions. 2) Collecting similar traditions. 3) Understanding the hadith by considering the background, situation, and conditions. 4) Distinguishing between changing means and permanent means. 5) Ascertaining the meaning and connotation of the words in the hadith. This method was chosen because it offers a comprehensive, contextual, and relevant approach by emphasising the understanding of the hadith in harmony with maqāṣid al-sharī'ah, as well as answering contemporary problems about leadership. The results of this study are as follows: The application of Yusuf al-Qarḍāwī's theory of ma‘ānil ḥadīṡ to political hadith (Musnad al-Dārimī no. 2.563) regarding Quraysh leadership, emphasising a holistic understanding by integrating the hadith text with universal principles of the Quran such as justice, trustworthiness, and consultation, thereby determining Islamic leadership based on moral qualifications rather than tribal affiliation. This method distinguishes between gāyah (goal) in the form of criteria for competent and just leadership and wasīlah (means) that can change according to context, namely Quraish leadership. This shows that modern systems such as meritocracy-based democracy remain in line with the essence of hadith as long as they fulfil the basic principles of Islam. Additionally, this research demonstrates that the integration-interconnection paradigm can bridge the dichotomy in understanding political hadith by integrating normative, philosophical, and socio-historical dimensions. This paradigm offers a holistic solution in responding to contemporary political challenges, such as democratisation, human rights (HAM), and social justice. The integration-interconnection paradigm allows the values contained in this hadith to be applied contextually in various dimensions of modern life, such as educational, social, economic, cultural, environmental, emotional, and even spiritual aspects. Thus, it can be concluded that effective and legitimate leadership is not solely determined by ethnic background, lineage, or tribe, but rather by the qualities and character possessed by a leader, thereby fostering the creation of inclusive and just leadership in a multicultural society.
FAKULTAS USHULUDDIN DAN PEMIKIRAN ISLAM, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA
NIM.: 21105050039 Deffananda Febrian S. P.
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