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ANALISIS STRUKTUR SURAH DAN DIMENSI RETORIKA DALAM SURAH AL-MURSALAT
Surah-based Qur'anic studies have become a major focus in contemporary scholarship, both among Muslim and non-Muslim scholars. This approach emerged as a response to the limitations of the thematic approach, which often separates verses from the structural context of the surah. Surah al-Mursalāt was chosen as a perfect model of the integration of structure and divine message, as it is considered to possess rhetorical strength with highly prominent rhetorical elements, including an oath at the beginning, repetitive verses, and the use of rhetorical questions. This research is a literature review study using a qualitative descriptive research method. The study combines the methodologies of Raymond Farrin and Nevin Reda to enrich the structural-rhetorical understanding of Surah al-Mursalāt by balancing the macro-level symmetrical architecture with the micro-level rhetorical function of repetition. Through this integrated approach, we gain a deep understanding of the beauty of language, the integrity of thematic structure, and the rhetorical power present in Surah al-Mursalāt. Based on the combination of structural analysis with Farrin and Reda's theories, Surah al-Mursalāt appears to have a harmonious blend of micro and macro symmetry. Through Farrin's analytical framework, the symmetrical structure of this surah reveals a ring structure with seven segments, beginning with an introductory oath about the Qur'an as a warning, centred on the thematic core—namely, the threat and retribution for liars—and concluding with an irony regarding the rejection of revelation, thus forming a cohesive unity and a climax that stirs the soul. This pattern not only reinforces narrative consistency but also affirms the continuity of thematic movement from beginning to end, with each part reinforcing and reflecting the central meaning. Meanwhile, Nevin Reda's approach adds a new dimension through three main focuses: (1) the use of inclusio, found in one large inclusio framed by the phrase yaumul fasl near the beginning and end of the surah, from another rhetorical device, iqtisas, it is known that al-Mursalāt as a whole is a development of ideas from the end of surah al-Insan; (2) self-revelatory, Allah in this surah is seen as the ruler of the Day of Judgment (yaumul fasl), who separates humanity based on their deeds and clearly distinguishes between good and evil; and (3) pedagogical reading, where humans are commanded to think openly about divine truth (the Qur'an) as a warning, and to emphasise that life in this world is very short and will soon come to an end.
FAKULTAS USHULUDDIN DAN PEMIKIRAN ISLAM, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA
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