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TO BE BORN AGAIN: THE BINARY OF ANGEL AND DEVIL IN SALMAN RUSHDIE’S THE SATANIC VERSES
Reincarnation or rebirth is a central theme in many cultures and religions, symbolizing renewal and the cycle of life. Hinduism and Buddhism view it as the soul's journey through reincarnation toward enlightenment. This theme influenced the Indian writer Salman Rushdie in writing The Satanic Verses. In his novel, the two main characters, namely Gibreel Farishta and Saladin Chamcha, are reborn into angels and devils. The research aims to identify the angelic and devilish elements of the two main characters. Many believe that the novel is blasphemy towards Islam due to the similarities between the elements in the novel and Islam. This controversy even resulted in a fatwa from the Supreme Leader of Iran, Ayatollah Khomeini, to kill Salman Rushdie. The researcher uses the binary opposition theory by Lévi-Strauss to analyze the data taken from the novel. The researcher uses the qualitative research method. The result of this research is that there are eleven angelic and devilish traits found in the two main characters. Those traits come in binary pairs: uncaring vs. caring, happy vs. sad, calm vs. upset, unfaithful vs. faithful, haram vs. halal, handsome vs. ugly, rejecting vs. accepting, angry vs. pleased, resentful vs. grateful, bad breath vs. good breath, and halo vs. horns. The researcher concludes that both Gibreel Farishta and Saladin Chamcha possess the qualities of angel and devil.
FAKULTAS ADAB DAN ILMU BUDAYA, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA
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