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Repositioning DPD Oversight in Aceh’s Licensing Qanun and Asymmetry
The enactment of Law No. 6 of 2023, which ratified the Job Creation Government Regulation in Lieu of Law (Perppu Cipta Kerja), has significantly reshaped Indonesia’s regulatory governance, particularly by streamlining business licensing through national standards. In Aceh, an autonomous region operating under asymmetric decentralization as established by Law No. 11 of 2006, these reforms have created friction with existing qanun, resulting in regulatory disharmony. This study analyzes the functional diffusion of the legislative oversight role of the Regional Representative Council (DPD RI) over licensing-related qanun in Aceh and evaluates its institutional effectiveness within the context of asymmetric decentralization. The research utilizes a juridical-empirical approach and qualitative methods. Data collection involved interviews and document analysis of qanun, DPD regulations, Constitutional Court decisions, and relevant statutory laws. Institutional and comparative analyses were conducted to examine the normative, structural, and functional dimensions of oversight, with references to countries that implement asymmetric decentralization. The findings indicate that DPD oversight in Aceh exemplifies functional diffusion driven by institutional requirements and limited regional coordination. Although symbolically important, its strategic impact is constrained by overlapping authorities, limited mandates, and insufficient stakeholder engagement. Comparative perspectives from Spain, India, and South Africa reveal alternative mechanisms for vertical legal harmonization through judicial or parliamentary means. Strengthening the DPD’s oversight function will require regulatory reform, increased institutional capacity, and enhanced collaboration among stakeholders to achieve substantive legislative oversight. Pengesahan Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2023 yang menetapkan Perppu Cipta Kerja telah membentuk ulang tata kelola regulasi di Indonesia, termasuk penyederhanaan perizinan berusaha melalui standar nasional. Di Aceh—yang memiliki otonomi asimetris berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2006— reformasi ini menimbulkan friksi dengan Qanun yang sudah ada, sehingga memicu disharmoni regulasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji difusi fungsional pengawasan legislasi Dewan Perwakilan Daerah (DPD RI) terhadap Qanun terkait perizinan di Aceh serta menilai efektivitas kelembagaannya dalam kerangka desentralisasi asimetris. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan yuridis-empiris dengan metode kualitatif. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara dan analisis dokumen terhadap Qanun, peraturan DPD, putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi, dan peraturan perundang-undangan terkait. Analisis kelembagaan dan perbandingan digunakan untuk mengeksplorasi aspek normatif, struktural, dan fungsional pengawasan, dengan studi perbandingan dari negaranegara yang menerapkan desentralisasi asimetris. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengawasan DPD di Aceh mencerminkan fenomena difusi fungsional yang dipicu oleh kebutuhan kelembagaan dan lemahnya koordinasi daerah. Meskipun memiliki signifikansi simbolis, pengaruh strategisnya terbatas karena tumpang tindih kewenangan, keterbatasan otoritas, dan minimnya keterlibatan pemangku kepentingan. Studi perbandingan dari Spanyol, India, dan Afrika Selatan menunjukkan mekanisme alternatif harmonisasi hukum vertikal melalui jalur yudisial atau parlementer. Dengan demikian, penguatan fungsi DPD membutuhkan reformasi regulatif, peningkatan kapasitas institusional, dan kolaborasi lintas-aktor agar efektivitas pengawasan legislasi benar-benar dapat terwujud.
Repositioning DPD Oversight in Aceh’s Licensing Qanun and Asymmetry (Text)
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331.110 26 Ketenagakerjaan - Undang-Undang dan Peraturan