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HUMANISME GUS DUR DALAM TINJAUAN FILSAFAT ALTERITAS EMMANUEL LEVINAS
This research examines the thought of Abdurrahman Wahid (Gus Dur) on humanism in the perspective of Emmanuel Levinas’s philosophy of alterity. The background of this study arises from the contemporary problems of humanity—particularly issues of intolerance, discrimination, and ethical crises in plural societies—which demand a new paradigm of respect for human dignity. The research problems include how Gus Dur’s concept of humanism is understood, how Levinas’s principle of alterity explains ethical responsibility toward others, and how the relevance of both can be actualized to address humanitarian issues in Indonesia. The aim of this research is to explain the characteristics of Gus Dur’s humanism, to analyze it through the lens of Levinas’s alterity, and to discover its practical contribution to social, political, and religious life. The method used is qualitative research with a library research approach, through textual analysis of Gus Dur’s works, literature on Levinas, and other relevant academic studies. The results show that Gus Dur’s humanism is based on the principle of recognizing human dignity, siding with minorities, and a strong commitment to pluralism, which in Levinas’s perspective can be understood as a form of unconditional ethical responsibility toward “the Other.” In conclusion, Gus Dur’s thought can be positioned as a praxis-oriented humanism that aligns with Levinas’s ethics of alterity, making it relevant for addressing contemporary humanitarian challenges and strengthening the values of democracy, justice, and diversity in Indonesia.
FAKULTAS USHULUDDIN DAN PEMIKIRAN ISLAM, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA
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