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ARGUMENTASI TARJIH AL-QIRA’AT DALAM MA‘ANI AL-QUR’AN KARYA AL-FARRA’ (W. 207 H)
Qirā’āt holds an important position in the study of Arabic exegesis and linguistics, because variations in the recitation of the Qur’an often influence the structure of the language and the meaning of verses. However, in the early period of qirā’āt development, there were no standard criteria for determining ṣaḥīḥah and syāżżah qirā’āt as formulated by qirā’āt scholars after the period of al-Farrā’ (d. 207 AH). This condition raises methodological questions regarding how early exegetes, especially al-Farrā' (d. 207 AH), performed tarjīḥ in their exegetical works. It also raises questions about the expressions he used in performing tarjīḥ, considering that the methodology of tarjīḥ only emerged after his time. Then, how does the suitability of the qirā'āt that were tarjīḥ correspond to the assessment of qirā'āt by later scholars? Therefore, this study will examine the pattern of tarjīḥ qirā'āt by al-Farrā' (d. 207 AH) in his interpretation by taking the examples of Surah al-Isrā', al-Kahf, and Maryam. The purpose of this study is to explain al-Farrā's (d. 207 AH) approach in selecting qirā'āt, identify the forms of tarjīḥ he used, and assess the extent to which the qirā'āt he mentioned are in accordance with the criteria of ṣaḥīḥah qirā'āt. This study uses a qualitative method with documentation techniques, as well as socio-historical, philosophical, and descriptive-analytical approaches to trace the historical background, ideological foundations, and linguistic mechanisms that influence the tarjīḥ process. The primary source of this research is Ma‘ānī Al-Qur’an by al-Farrā’ (d. 207 AH), while secondary data is taken from qirā’āt books and other relevant literature. The results of this study show that al-Farrā’ (d. 207 AH) tended to prioritize linguistic considerations. He also uses various approaches, such as strengthening one qirā'āt over another, linguistic analysis, and qirā'āt criticism. The pattern of tarjīḥ qirā'āt during the time of al-Farrā' (d. 207 AH) was still in the ikhtiyār phase before the standardization of mutawatirah qirā'āt. This provides an understanding that al-Farrā' (d. 207 AH) mentioned many qirā'āt in his book based on linguistic aspects and he mentioned all qirā'āt that were possible from a reading, then he made a choice of the qirā'āt mentioned with several expressions such as al-fatḥu aḥabbu ilayya, kāna ṣawābā, wal awwal akṡar, and others.
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ARGUMENTASI TARJIH AL-QIRA’AT DALAM MA‘ANI AL-QUR’AN KARYA AL-FARRA’ (W. 207 H) (Text)
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