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KEPEMIMPINAN PEREMPUAN DAN DINAMIKA BUDAYA AKADEMIK PESANTREN: STUDI KASUS DI MA’HAD ALY WALINDO PEKALONGAN
Women's leadership in Islamic boarding schools is always interesting to study, because the existence of nyai (female religious leaders) is often marginalized by patriarchal constructs that place men as the main authority figures, so that women often only occupy secondary positions in the leadership structure of Islamic boarding schools. Women's leadership is not just about giving equal rights, but also ensuring that women can contribute according to their potential. Previous research conducted by the author proves that women can hold full authority as caregivers and successfully develop institutions, as seen in the establishment of Ma'had Aly. At Ma'had Aly Walindo Pekalongan, female leadership has become increasingly interesting to study because this institution is led by Ibu Nyai Hj. Siti Mahmudah, S.Ag., M.Pd., as the first female mudirah in Indonesia. Through qualitative case study research, this study aims to determine how female leadership shapes academic culture at Ma'had Aly Walindo Pekalongan and to identify the supporting and inhibiting factors experienced. There were nine informants in this study, consisting of one female director, three lecturers, three male students, and three female students. Sampling was conducted using non-probability sampling and purposive sampling techniques. Data in this study were obtained from observation, interviews, and documentation. The data were then analyzed through data condensation, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. Data validity was tested through source triangulation and technique triangulation. The results of the study show that women's leadership in shaping academic culture is through adaptive leadership and participatory leadership. Adaptive leadership is demonstrated by the policies made by Bu Nyai, such as the habit of writing and publishing scientific papers in the Open Journal System (OJS), an integrative learning model of the academic culture of Islamic boarding schools and universities, the establishment of a journal house, and the writing of final assignments in two languages. Participatory leadership can be seen from the open two-way communication between Bu Nyai and lecturers, caregivers, and students, as well as the acceptance and realization of ideas from the academic community. The supporting factors experienced by Bu Nyai in shaping the academic culture at Ma'had Aly Walindo Pekalongan consist of internal and external factors. Internal factors include good cooperation between the internal team, namely the deputy director, supervisors, lecturers, and students, as well as adequate facilities and infrastructure. External factors include active involvement in the Asosiasi Ma’had Aly (AMALI) and the NU (Nahdlatul Ulama) organization. The inhibiting factors are the students' limited understanding of how to access technology and the government's lack of support for Ma'had Aly.
FAKULTAS ILMU TARBIYAH DAN KEGURUAN, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA
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