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REFORMASI HERMENEUTIKA AL-QUR’AN: KONTRIBUSI MAHMUD SYALTUT DALAM REFORMASI KESARJANAAN AL-QUR’AN
Mahmud Syaltut, as one of the important figures of Islamic reform in the 20th century, gave birth to various understandings of the sacred texts (hermeneutics) of the Qur'an through his works. The discourse of hermeneutics, which increasingly enlivened the public intellectual sphere amid the dynamics of various genres of Islamic scholarship, as an art of understanding and a theory of interpreting the characteristics of God's words, their possibilities and mechanisms for entering historical space and time, the phenomenon of revelation and the theory of prophecy, to the prospects for interpreting these texts in the modern era. This research continues the research of scholars that Syaltut was a reformer and modernist as well as a hermeneuticist. This research uses the analytical tools of Hans-George Gadamer's hermeneutic theory and Peter Burger and Thomas Luckmann's theory of knowledge construction. This study departs from the questions: What are Mahmud Syaltut's reforms in thinking regarding the study of the Qur'an? What is the pattern of Qur'anic hermeneutics used by Syaltut in his fatwas? And how does Syaltut's hermeneutics fit into contemporary hermeneutical discussions? This study concludes that Syaltut's understanding shows a form of hermeneutic reform in several aspects, including emphasising the Qur'an as a book of guidance rather than a book of science, the systematic integration of maqasid and rationality in fatwas, the repositioning of reason and modern science, the rearrangement of the relationship between the Qur'anic text and hadith in matters of the unseen, and the project of universalism and taqrib madzahib in the realm of fatwa. Second, the greatest role of Syaltut's hermeneutics is the reinterpretation of Qur'anic verses by classifying sources of sharia, then emphasising the dimensions of meaning, maqashid, rationality, and universal values to produce an interpretation/understanding. Third, the hermeneutical reform carried out by Syaltut was based on the background of the society at that time, which was in the context of modernisation carried out by Gamal Abdul Nasser. Fourth, Syaltut compiled his interpretation in line with Al-Azhar's mission of reform, modernisation, unity of the ummah against Western colonisers, and reviving the stagnant thinking of the madhhab scholars.
PASCASARJANA, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA
REFORMASI HERMENEUTIKA AL-QUR’AN: KONTRIBUSI MAHMUD SYALTUT DALAM REFORMASI KESARJANAAN AL-QUR’AN (Text)
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