@phdthesis{digilib75479,
           month = {January},
           title = {SINTESIS NANOMATERIAL MAGNETIT TERMODIFIKASI EKSTRAK LIMBAH KULIT JERUK MANIS (Citrus sinensis) DAN APLIKASINYA SEBAGAI MEDIA FILTER AIR LIMBAH DENGAN KOMBINASI ARANG AKTIF DAN ZEOLIT},
          school = {UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA},
          author = {NIM.: 22106030026 Rini Maulida},
            year = {2026},
            note = {Prof. Dr. Maya Rahmayanti, S,Si, M.Si.},
        keywords = {Nanomaterial Magnetit, Filtrasi, Adsorpsi, Air Limbah Laundry},
             url = {https://digilib.uin-suka.ac.id/id/eprint/75479/},
        abstract = {Household laundry waste contains various pollutants that can be measured using
COD, TSS, TDS, surfactants, pH, and temperature parameters, thus potentially
polluting the environment. This study aims to synthesize Fe{$_3$}O{$_4$}-CS nanomaterials
through the reverse coprecipitation method, characterize them, and apply them as a
wastewater filtration medium with a combination of activated charcoal and zeolite.
The synthesis of Fe{$_3$}O{$_4$}-CS was carried out by mixing FeCl{$_3$}?6H{$_2$}O and FeSO{$_4$}?7H{$_2$}O
into NaOH and adding orange peel extract as a stabilizer and capping agent. The
synthesis results were characterized using FTIR, XRD, and SEM-EDX. The FTIR
spectrum results showed the presence of typical absorption peaks of magnetite and
organic groups of orange peel extract. The XRD diffractogram showed the
formation of a pure magnetite phase in accordance with JCPDS No. 19-0629 with
an average crystal size of 7.09 nm. The SEM results showed irregular particle
morphology with a size of 833 nm with a rough surface, while EDX confirmed the
elemental composition of Fe, O, and C which indicated the successful coating of
organic compounds from orange peel. The application of Fe{$_3$}O{$_4$}-CS as a filtration
medium showed improved performance compared to filter media without Fe{$_3$}O{$_4$}-
CS. COD decreased from 1300 mg/L to 855 mg/L, TSS decreased from 292 mg/L
to 197 mg/L, and detergent content decreased from 260 mg/L to 140 mg/L.
Meanwhile, TDS decreased relatively slightly from 909 mg/L to 855 mg/L. The pH
and temperature of the wastewater after filtration remained within the safe range
according to quality standards. The interaction mechanism between pollutants and
Fe{$_3$}O{$_4$}-CS is thought to involve electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonds, and {\ensuremath{\pi}}?{\ensuremath{\pi}}
interactions. Regeneration tests of up to five cycles showed that filtration efficiency
fluctuated but was not significant, indicating that the Fe{$_3$}O{$_4$}-CS media still has
potential for reuse.}
}