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HUKUM QADHA SHALAT TANPA UZUR SYAR’I: STUDI PERBANDINGAN ANTARA ULAMA NU DAN ULAMA SALAFI DI YOGYAKARTA
This study examines the legal ruling on qadha prayer performed without a valid shar’i excuse, which remains a debated issue in Islamic jurisprudence and has direct implications for Muslim religious practice. Prayer is a mandatory act of worship that is bound to specific prescribed times, giving rise to legal questions when it is deliberately abandoned without a legitimate justification recognized by Islamic law. Differences of opinion among scholars on this issue are closely related to their differing methods of understanding and interpreting the textual sources of the Qur’an and Hadith. Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) and Salafi, as two prominent Islamic scholarly currents in Indonesia, employ distinct approaches to legal reasoning (istinbāṭ al-aḥkām), making this issue particularly significant for comparative analysis. This study aims to analyze the perspectives of NU scholars and Salafi scholars in Yogyakarta regarding the ruling on qadha prayer without a shar’i excuse using the theory of al-ikhtilāf fī fahm al-naṣṣ wa tafsīrihi. This research adopts a qualitative method with a descriptive-analytical and comparative design. An uṣūl al-fiqh approach is employed to examine the methods of legal reasoning used by the scholars. Primary data were obtained through interviews with NU and Salafi scholars in Yogyakarta, while secondary data were drawn from classical and contemporary works of fiqh, uṣūl al-fiqh, and other relevant literature. Data analysis was conducted through systematic processes of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that NU scholars in Yogyakarta consistently maintain the obligation of performing qadha prayer for those who deliberately abandon prayer without a shar’i excuse, based on the principle that the obligation of prayer does not lapse merely due to the expiration of its prescribed time, and by employing qiyās awlawī derived from the hadith concerning qadha prayer for those who sleep or forget. Nevertheless, internal differences exist within NU regarding the obligation to hasten qadha prayer and restrictions on performing supererogatory prayers. Meanwhile, Salafi scholars in Yogyakarta demonstrate diverse viewpoints: some Salafi scholars affiliated with legal schools accept the obligation of qadha prayer, whereas non-affiliated Salafi scholars argue that prayers deliberately abandoned cannot be made up and should instead be compensated through sincere repentance and the performance of additional voluntary acts of worship, on the grounds that time constitutes an absolute condition for the validity of prayer. Thus, the divergence between NU and Salafi scholars stems from differences in methodological approaches to understanding and interpreting the textual sources, rather than from differing commitments to the fundamental obligation of prayer.
FAKULTAS SYARIAH DAN HUKUM, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA
HUKUM QADHA SHALAT TANPA UZUR SYAR’I: STUDI PERBANDINGAN ANTARA ULAMA NU DAN ULAMA SALAFI DI YOGYAKARTA (Text)
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