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KAJIAN INTERTEKSTUAL SURAT AL-QADR: STUDI PEMIKIRAN EMRAN EL-BADAWI DALAM FEMALE DIVINITY IN THE QUR’AN
This study analyzes Emran El-Badawi’s interpretation of Surah al-Qadr, particularly focusing on the aspects of his thought that differ from prevailing trends in Qur’anic exegesis. The primary focus of this study is to analyze how El-Badawi reconstructs the meaning of Surah al-Qadr as a polemical response to the religious traditions of the Ancient Near East and the late antiquity environment. The central problem of this research lies in the paradigmatic shift between traditional exegesis, which defines lailah al-qadr as the "night of glory," and historical-critical studies that link it to the remnants of female divinity symbolism. The research methodology employed is library research with a descriptive-analytical approach. The primary source of this research is Emran El-Badawi’s work, Female Divinity in the Qur’an: In Conversation with the Bible and the Ancient Near East. The analysis was conducted through three systematic stages: deconstructing intertextual claims, examining the relationship with non-Qur’anic reference sources, and testing the proposed concept of theological transformation. The results indicate that El-Badawi views Surah al-Qadr as a form of "dogmatic re-articulation," where the Qur’an actively "borrows" the narrative stage from the Aramaic Gospel traditions and Mesopotamian mythology to then subject them under the authority of pure monotheism. El-Badawi interprets lailah al-qadr as the "Night of Darkness" or "Night of the Womb," rooted in the myth of Inanna and the Syriac Christian Nativity liturgy, while shifting the "main actor" from a biological figure (Jesus) to a textual guidance (the Qur’an). Furthermore, the figure of al-ruh is seen as a revision of the "Divine Mother" (Ruha) in the Syriac Christian tradition, now positioned as a messenger subordinate to God’s command. Although this theory successfully revives the lost historical polemical context, this study also identifies methodological limitations, specifically a reliance on phonetic similarities between words that risks "forced meaning" at a lexical level.
FAKULTAS USHULUDDIN DAN PEMIKIRAN ISLAM, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA
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