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MUHAMMAD SANGIDU: PENGULU KASULTANAN NGAYOGYAKARTA HADININGRAT KE-13 (1914 – 1940)
Pengulu kasultanan is the highest position in Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat Sultanate in religious affairs. The pengulu who is assisted by abdi dalem pamethakan is in charge of the Masjid Gedhe Kauman, religious court, religious activities of society, hajad Dalem Karaton, pasareyan-pasareyan, and administrative matters between Kawedanan Pengulon and the Karaton. The position of pengulu became the axis that connected three important entities of the sultanate, namely the Karaton Ngayogyakarta, Kawedanan Pengulon, and Kauman Village. For the Karaton, the pengulu took care of religious matters. For Kawedanan Pengulon, the pengulu is the formal leader of the institution who oversees many abdi dalem pamethakan. For Kauman Village, the pengulu is a figure who is considered a leader as well as a role model in the life of the Kauman Village community. The 13th pengulu kasultanan named Muhammad Sangidu (1914-1940) was a pengulu who was different from the previous pengulu. His role as a pengulu with modern thoughts brought several important contributions to the Karaton, Kawedanan Pengulon, and the community, especially Kauman Village. This research presents Muhammad Sangidu's role as a 13th pengulu kasultanan seen with role theory and presented with a biographical approach. This research was conducted qualitatively and the method used was the historical research method with four stages, namely heuristics, verification, interpretation, and historiography. This research presents facts related to the duties and authority of the pengulu, the background of Muhammad Sangidu's life, and the important roles of Muhammad Sangidu during his time as pengulu kasultanan. It is concluded that Muhammad Sangidu was a modern-minded, visionary, and good leader. It was reflected in several contributions he made during his tenure as pengulu, namely the revitalization of the administrative role of pengulu, the inclusiveness of Kawedanan Pengulon, religious reform in the Ngayogyakarta Palace, harmonization between elements of the Kauman Village community, and educational reform in Kauman Village. His important role as pengulu is inseparable from the background of Muhammad Sangidu's life journey. It was found that before becoming a pengulu, Muhammad Sangidu was a well-educated person, active in various organizations such as Priesterraad and Pro Juventute Yogyakarta, and had social networks with important figures.
FAKULTAS ADAB DAN ILMU BUDAYA, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA
MUHAMMAD SANGIDU: PENGULU KASULTANAN NGAYOGYAKARTA HADININGRAT KE-13 (1914 – 1940) (Text)
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