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TINJAUAN YURIDIS CRYPTOCURRENCY DALAM JUAL BELI ASET DIGITAL DI METAVERSE MENURUT HUKUM DI INDONESIA
The development of digital technology has given rise to the concept of the metaverse as a virtual space that enables social interaction and economic transactions using digital assets and cryptocurrency. In practice, cryptocurrency is used as a transaction medium for buying and selling digital assets in the metaverse, even though in Indonesia it is recognized only as a digital commodity and not as a legal means of payment. This situation raises legal issues regarding the validity of such transactions and agreements, particularly in relation to the legal requirements of contracts under Article 1320 of the Indonesian Civil Code, especially concerning the lawful cause element. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the legal position of cryptocurrency use in digital asset transactions within the metaverse under Indonesian law. Theoretically, this study uses the State Money Theory (Chartalism) to examine monetary sovereignty, the Contract Law Theory to test contract validity, and the Legal Certainty Theory. The research method employed is normative juridical with a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The primary legal sources used include the Civil Code, Law No. 1 of 2024 (the Electronic Transactions and Transactions Law), which guarantees the legality of electronic contracts, Law No. 7 of 2011 concerning Currency, and Bank Indonesia Regulation (PBI) No. 23/6/PBI/2021. The study concludes that, first, although digital asset sales and purchase agreements in the metaverse have a strong legal basis in terms of electronic transactions (UU ITE), the use of crypto remains illegal in Indonesia as a means of payment. Second, the implications of disputes and legal protection for the economic value of these transactions are difficult for the state to guarantee due to violations of monetary regulations. In conclusion, this study recommends the need for specific regulations that recognize digital barter mechanisms or the use of the Digital Rupiah in agreements in the metaverse. The government needs to harmonize regulations to ensure that digital sales and purchase activities remain protected without violating national currency sovereignty.
FAKULTAS SYARI’AH DAN HUKUM, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA
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