{
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      "keywords": "consevatisme\tIslam, collective identity,\tDI\/TII,\tIslamic\tstate, \r\nPancasila.",
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      "abstract": "Although\tIndonesia is not formally\tan\tIslamic\tstate,\tthe\tidea\tof\testablishing\tone\t\r\nhas\tremained\ta\trecurring\ttheme\tin\tthe\tcountry’s\tpolitical\tdiscourse.\tFrom\tthe\t\r\npre-independence\tperiod\tto\tthe\treform\tera,\tdiscussions\tsurrounding\tthe\tIslamic\t\r\nstate\thave\tpersisted\tand\tnever\tentirely\tdisappeared.\tThe\tnotion\tcontinues\tto\t\r\ndevelop,\treflecting\tthe\taspirations\tof\tcertain\tsegments\tof\tIndonesia's\tMuslim\t\r\npopulation.\tThese\tgroups,\toften\treferred\tto\tas\tconservative\tIslamic\tfactions,\tare\t\r\ncharacterised\tby\ttheir\tadherence\tto\ttextual\tinterpretations\tof\tIslamic\tteachings\t\r\nand\ttheir\tdesire\tto\tintegrate\treligion\tand\tstate\twithin\ta\tlegal\tand\tgovernmental\t\r\nframework.\tThe\temergence\tof\tconservative\tIslamic\tgroups\tin\tIndonesia\twas\tnot\t\r\nspontaneous.\tRather,\ttheir\tdevelopment\tfollows\ta\tlong\thistorical\ttrajectory\t\r\ntraceable\tto\tthe\tpre-independence\tor\tnationalist\tmovement\tperiod,\twhen\tthe\t\r\ncountry\twas\tstill\tunder\tcolonial\trule.\tDuring\tthis\tera,\tthe\tembryonic\tidea\tof\tan\t\r\nIslamic\tstate\tbegan\tto\tform\twithin\tSarekat\tIslam\t(SI),\tthen\tthe\tlargest\tIslamic\t\r\norganisation\tin\tthe\tarchipelago.\tSI\twould\tlater\tserve\tas\ta\tprecursor\tto\tthe\trise\t\r\nof\tother\tIslamic\tmovements,\tsuch\tas\tMasyumi\tand\tDI\/TII,\twhich\talso\tpursued\t\r\nthe\tformal\tintegration\tof\treligion\tinto\tstate\tstructures.\tHowever,\tthe\taspirations\t\r\nof\tthese\tconservative\tIslamic\tgroups\tfor\tan\tindependent\tIndonesia\tgrounded\tin\t\r\nIslamic\tprinciples\twere\tultimately\tthwarted\tduring\tthe\tBPUPKI\tsession\ton\tJune\t\r\n1,\t1945,\twhen\tPancasila\twas\tadopted\tas\tthe\tphilosophical\tfoundation\tof\tthe\t\r\nIndonesian\tstate.",
      "type": "article",
      "title": "Roots and resilience-Tracing the rise of conservative Islamic movements in Indonesia"
    }