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IMPLIKASI QIRAʾAT TERHADAP ISTINBAṬ HUKUM DALAM SURAT AN-NISA’: PERSPEKTIF TAFSIR AT-TIBYAN KARANGAN AT-TUSI
This thesis seeks to demonstrate the implications of the use of qirāʾāt in the process of istinbāṭ al-ḥukm within the Shīʿī tradition, as represented in al-Tibyān fī Tafsīr al-Qurʾān authored by Shaykh Aṭ-Ţūsi. The diversity of legal rulings within Shīʿī jurisprudence indicates the presence of exegetical differences in interpreting the Qurʾān. Furthermore, the fact that a considerable number of Shīʿī exegetical works—al-Tibyān among them—incorporate discussions of qirāʾāt demonstrates that, in the Shīʿī tradition, qirāʾāt are not confined merely to reading variations or ritual aspects. Rather, they function as analytical instruments in the derivation of legal rulings. This study thus seeks to elucidate the implications of qirāʾāt for legal derivation within Shīʿī thought. Moreover, scholarly engagement with the study of qirāʾāt in the Shīʿī context remains limited. As a point of comparison, this research will also examine selected instances of qirāʾāt within Sūrat al-Nisāʾ. Aṭ-Ţūsi’s attitude toward qirāʾāt can be characterized as selective and methodological. He did not accept all variants of recitation, but rather chose to cite only mutawātir qirāʾāt and narrations transmitted from the Ahl al-Bait in certain verses. Qirāʾāt were positioned by him as a crucial instrument in his exegetical method, since in several instances he referred to them not merely in terms of linguistic aspects, but also with regard to the authority of transmission and their relevance to legal reasoning (istinbaṭ al-ḥukm). In Sūrat an-Nisāʾ, two examples of qirāʾāt are found to have legal implications within the Shīʿī tradition: (1) verse 24 with a qirāʾāt syādzdzah that serves as the basis for the permissibility of temporary marriage (nikāḥ al-mutʿah), and (2) verse 43 with a qirāʾāt mutawātirah that underpins the view that physical contact between the sexes does not invalidate ablution (wuḍūʾ). This study demonstrates that although qirāʾāt do not always produce direct legal consequences, they nevertheless hold a significant role in shaping the legal construction of Shīʿī exegesis.
FAKULTAS USHULUDDIN DAN PEMIKIRAN ISLAM, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA
IMPLIKASI QIRAʾAT TERHADAP ISTINBAṬ HUKUM DALAM SURAT AN-NISA’: PERSPEKTIF TAFSIR AT-TIBYAN KARANGAN AT-TUSI (Text)
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