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PERLINDUNGAN KONSUMEN ATAS KEPATUHAN PEDAGANG KAKI LIMA DALAM PENERAPAN REGULASI QRIS PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM DAN HUKUM POSITIF
The Quick Response Code Indonesian Standard (QRIS) is a digital payment system developed by Bank Indonesia to enable fast, secure, and efficient transactions. By the end of 2024, QRIS had recorded a transaction volume of 779 million transactions with a total value of Rp82 trillion, involving 34.7 million merchants. The increasing use of QRIS by street vendors in Yogyakarta indicates positive progress in payment digitalization. However, field observations indicate that there remains a gap between regulatory provisions and transaction practices, such as the imposition of additional fees, price differences between cash and noncash payments, refusal of QRIS payments under certain conditions, and the inconsistent provision of transaction receipts. This study aims to analyze consumer protection in the implementation of QRIS by street vendors from the perspectives of Islamic law and positive law, as well as to identify the factors causing suboptimal compliance with QRIS regulations. This study is a qualitative field research project of a descriptive-analytical nature. The approaches used are normative legal and empirical legal. Primary data were obtained through semi-structured interviews with 20 street vendors who use QRIS in Yogyakarta City and through observations of transaction practices. Secondary data was obtained from laws and regulations, Bank Indonesia regulations, DSN-MUI fatwas, books, and scientific journals. Data analysis was conducted qualitatively through data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions using the theories of legal compliance, consumer protection, muamalah principles, and maqāṣid asy-syarī‘ah. The research findings indicate that consumer protection in QRIS transactions has not been fully implemented, as practices that do not fully comply with QRIS regulations are still being observed. From a positive law perspective, this situation indicates that consumer rights, as stipulated in Law No. 8 of 1999 on Consumer Protection and Bank Indonesia’s QRIS regulations, are not yet being fully upheld. From an Islamic law perspective, these practices do not fully reflect the principles of al-‘adālah, al-bayān, and tarāḍin, nor do they support the realization of ḥifẓ al-māl. Merchants’ compliance with QRIS regulations is still dominated by instrumental compliance and is influenced by the level of regulatory understanding, limited education and outreach, unequal access to information, and economic considerations. Therefore, strengthening education, outreach, and guidance is necessary to improve compliance and consumer protection within the digital payment ecosystem.
FAKULTAS SYARIAH DAN HUKUM, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA
PERLINDUNGAN KONSUMEN ATAS KEPATUHAN PEDAGANG KAKI LIMA DALAM PENERAPAN REGULASI QRIS PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM DAN HUKUM POSITIF (Text)
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