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IZIN USAHA PERTAMBANG BAGI ORMAS KEAGAMAAN PERSPEKTIF FIQH AL-BI’AH DAN TEORI NEGARA KESEJAHTERAAN (STUDI PERATURAN PEMERINTAH NO. 25 TAHUN 2024) (Text)
IZIN USAHA PERTAMBANG BAGI ORMAS KEAGAMAAN PERSPEKTIF FIQH AL-BI’AH DAN TEORI NEGARA KESEJAHTERAAN (STUDI PERATURAN PEMERINTAH NO. 25 TAHUN 2024) (Other)
The government policy through Article 83A of Government Regulation (PP) No. 25 of 2024, which offers priority Special Mining Business License Areas (WIUPK) to business entities owned by religious mass organizations (ormas), has sparked widespread public debate. On one hand, this policy is viewed as an affirmative action to distribute public wealth; on the other hand, it raises deep concerns regarding ecological degradation, governance imbalances, and the shifting role of religious organizations. This study aims to analyze the policy of granting mining business licenses to religious organizations under PP No. 25 of 2024 from the perspective of Fiqh al-Bī'ah (environmental jurisprudence) and the Welfare State Theory. This study is a qualitative research using a descriptive-analytical library research approach. A normative-legal method was applied by analyzing primary legal materials such as Law No. 4 of 2009 on Mineral and Coal Mining (as amended by Law No. 3 of 2020) and PP No. 25 of 2024, as well as secondary legal sources including books and scientific journal articles. The results of the study show that: First, from the perspective of Fiqh al-Bī'ah, the involvement of religious mass organizations in this extractive industry presents a duality of values. The sharia legitimacy of economic benefit (maslahat) to fund social and religious activities becomes void if the potential ecological damage (mafsadat) is far greater, based on the Islamic legal maxim dar’u al-mafāsid muqaddam ‘alā jalb al-maṣāliḥ (warding off harm takes precedence over acquiring benefits). As moral entities, religious organizations bear a massive theological responsibility as khalīfah fī al-arḍ (vicegerents on Earth) to prevent destruction (fasād) and preserve ecological balance (mīzān). Second, based on the Welfare State Theory, this policy is theoretically valid as a manifestation of Article 33 of the 1945 Constitution through the active role of the state in implementing distributive justice, ensuring that the utilization of natural resources is not monopolized by large corporations. However, the substantive success of this policy heavily relies on the strictness of state oversight, accountability, and transparency in managing mining revenues, so that the benefits are truly felt by the general public and do not fall into the trap of practical political conflicts of interest.
IZIN USAHA PERTAMBANG BAGI ORMAS KEAGAMAAN PERSPEKTIF FIQH AL-BI’AH DAN TEORI NEGARA KESEJAHTERAAN (STUDI PERATURAN PEMERINTAH NO. 25 TAHUN 2024)
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FAKULTAS SYARI’AH DAN HUKUM, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA
NIM.: 20103060009 Raja Akbar Nur Muhammad