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PERLUASAN PERAN MILITER DI SEKTOR SIPIL DITINJAU DARI UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 3 TAHUN 2025 TENTANG PERUBAHAN ATAS UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 34 TAHUN 2004 TENTANG TENTARA NASIONAL INDONESIA
This research examines the expansion of military roles in the civilian sector under Law Number 3 of 2025 concerning the Amendment to Law Number 34 of 2004 on the Indonesian National Armed Forces. This regulatory change raises legal and constitutional issues because it provides broader opportunities for active TNI personnel to occupy positions in ministries or institutions outside the military structure. The main issue lies in the blurring of boundaries between defense functions as the primary domain of the military and civilian governmental functions that should be carried out by civilian apparatus. This expansion is feared to shift the post-1998 security sector reform agenda, which has placed civilian supremacy as a central principle in civil-military relations in Indonesia. Such concern becomes stronger when the expansion of military positions does not only involve defense and strategic security institutions, but also law enforcement, judicial, and civilian administrative institutions. In addition, this expansion also needs to be examined from the perspective of Maslahah Mursalah to assess whether the policy truly brings public benefit or instead creates mafsadah in civilian governance. This research is normative legal research with a prescriptive-analytical character. The approaches used include the statutory approach, conceptual approach, and case approach. The legal materials consist of primary legal materials in the form of laws and regulations as well as Constitutional Court decisions, and secondary legal materials in the form of books, journals, and relevant previous studies. The analysis is conducted qualitatively by using the theory of civilian supremacy and the concept of Maslahah Mursalah as the main analytical frameworks. The findings show that the expansion of military roles under Law Number 3 of 2025 does not automatically undermine the principle of civilian supremacy in all institutions. In institutions directly related to defense, strategic security, intelligence, cyber affairs, state coding, border affairs, maritime security, disaster management, and search and rescue, the placement of active military personnel may still be understood as part of state coordination needs. However, such expansion becomes problematic when it reaches judicial institutions, law enforcement bodies, civilian administration, economic sectors, and public services. The Supreme Court and the Attorney General’s Office are the most vulnerable institutions because they are directly related to judicial independence and law enforcement functions. From the perspective of Maslahah Mursalah, the expansion of military roles can only be justified if it fulfills the elements of real, urgent, and broad public benefit. When the benefits remain unclear while the risks may weaken civilian supremacy, accountability, and the independence of civilian institutions, restriction should be prioritized based on the principle of dar’ul mafasid muqaddamun ‘ala jalbil mashalih.
FAKULTAS SYARIAH DAN HUKUM, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA
PERLUASAN PERAN MILITER DI SEKTOR SIPIL DITINJAU DARI UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 3 TAHUN 2025 TENTANG PERUBAHAN ATAS UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 34 TAHUN 2004 TENTANG TENTARA NASIONAL INDONESIA (Text)
PERLUASAN PERAN MILITER DI SEKTOR SIPIL DITINJAU DARI UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 3 TAHUN 2025 TENTANG PERUBAHAN ATAS UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 34 TAHUN 2004 TENTANG TENTARA NASIONAL INDONESIA (Other)
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