Institutional Repository UIN Sunan Kalijaga YogyakartaPEMBENTUKAN KESALEHAN REFLEKSIF: MASJID DAN AGENSI ANAK MUDA DI RUANG URBAN YOGYAKARTANIM.: 22300011012Abd. Aziz FaizauthorThis dissertation argues that the intensification of urban modernity does not automatically produce either secularization or religious radicalization. Instead, it can generate a reflexive form of religiosity through the interrelation of urban structures, religious institutions, and the agency of urban subjects. Studies of urban Islam in post-Reformasi 1998 Indonesia have generally focused on the strengthening of Islamic practices based on active piety oriented toward identity politics, passive piety rooted in tradition, and forms of piety based on personal religious authority. Comparatively little attention has been given to the emergence of reflexive forms of Islamic practice. To address this gap, this dissertation examines Masjid Jendral Sudirman (MJS) in Yogyakarta as a lens through which to understand how urban Islamic practices are produced through the interpenetrative relationship between urban structures, mosque institutions, and the agency of urban subjects. This case is situated within the distinctive social structure of Yogyakarta, supported by its educational ecosystem, intellectual networks, and inclusive-dialogical social culture, which provide the conditions for the growth of reflexive religious practices. Unlike previous studies that position the mosque primarily as an arena for the transmission of religious doctrines or ideological contestation, this research views the mosque as a mediating space that enables the formation of distinctive religious orientations amid the complexities of urban life. This research was conducted at MJS Yogyakarta, a mosque located within the dense and dynamic urban environment of Colombo street, Sleman, whose congregation consists of people from diverse social backgrounds and religious affiliations. The mosque has undergone a transformation in its Islamic orientation alongside the changing dynamics of urban Islam in post-Reformasi Indonesia. This study employs a sociological approach and a qualitative method grounded in Anthony Giddens’s theory of the duality of structure and agency and reflexivity to analyze the reciprocal relationship between the structure of urban Islam, the creative capacity of actors, and the formation of piety. Meanwhile, Henri Lefebvre’s concept of the production of space serves as a supplementary concept for explaining the socio-spatial context of urban Yogyakarta that shapes religious practices. The researcher adopted the position of outsider as observer and conducted sustained participant observation since 2022 through involvement in various mosque activities. Data were also collected through interviews with eighteen key informants, informal interviews conducted throughout the observation process, and indirect interviews. In addition, the study utilized various documentary sources, including mosque archives, bulletins, books published by MJS, ngaji and sermon materials, annual reports, media archives, and social media content. Data analysis was directed toward explaining the interrelation between urban structures, mosque institutions, youth-intellectuals actors, and congregational communities in shaping variations of urban Islamic practices in Yogyakarta. This research produces four main findings. First, the trajectory of urban Islam in post-Reformasi Indonesia has encouraged the proliferation of ideologies and religious authorities, positioning mosques within urban structures as contested spaces between Islamic practices based on active piety and passive piety. Within this context, MJS functions as a mediating space that develops an alternative variation of Islamic practice grounded in reflexivity. Second, this variation of mosque-based Islamic practice is founded upon a tripartite circular episteme linking knowledge, spirituality, and culture, which is actualized through ngaji, religious rituals, literacy communities, the production of Islamic literature, and their appropriation through new media. Third, these practices are driven by the agency of youth-intellectuals actors whose reflexive capabilities emerge from social experience, intellectual traditions, and the structural possibilities provided by the urban context of Yogyakarta. Fourth, The interrelation between urban structures, mosque institutions, and the agency urban subjects shapes a form of religious practice grounded in reflexive piety, a mode of religiosity that remains connected to tradition while continuously interpreting, evaluating, and giving meaning to it through knowledge, lived experience, and ongoing changes in social structures. This dissertation proposes the concept of reflexive piety to explain the emergence of post-ideological Muslim subjects who choose neither secularism nor fundamentalism, but instead manage their agency reflexively amid the currents of urban cultural hybridity.297.5 Akhlak dan Tasawuf2026-08-13UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA;PASCASARJANAThesis

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