Institutional Repository UIN Sunan Kalijaga YogyakartaANALISIS STRUKTUR KRISTAL DAN KOMPOSISI UNSUR KATALIS HETEROGEN DARI KULIT PISANG KLUTUK (MUSA BALBISIANA COLLA) DAN APLIKASINYA PADA TRANSESTERIFIKASI MINYAK KELAPA SAWITNIM.: 22106030009Arnodita ZenolaauthorKlutuk banana peel (Musa balbisiana Colla) is a biomass waste that contains minerals with the potential to form metal oxides as catalysts through the calcination process. This study aims to analyze the crystal structure, functional groups, and elemental composition of the metal oxide catalyst produced by calcining klutuk banana peels, as well as to examine its application in the transesterification reaction of palm oil. The catalyst was synthesized through a calcination process at 750°C for 3 hours, then characterized using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), and tested for basicity using the Hammett Indicator-Benzoic Acid Benzoate method. The resulting biodiesel was analyzed for yield and compound composition using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The XRD characterization results showed dominant K₂O diffraction peaks at 2θ angles of 25.44°, 29.72°, 31.62°, 33.29°, and 40.58°, as well as the identification of CaO, MgO, and SiO₂ phases. XRF analysis showed K₂O as the dominant component at 50.88%, while FTIR results confirmed the presence of carbonate groups and metal-oxygen bonds such as K-O, Na-O, and Ca-O. The catalyst has a total basicity of 1.09 mmol/g. The biodiesel yield was 86.68%, and the total Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME) content was 99.16%, dominated by methyl oleate (60.83%) and methyl stearate (31.00%). The results of this study indicate that the heterogeneous catalyst derived from klutuk banana peels can be successfully used as a basic catalyst in the transesterification of palm oil.660 Teknologi Kimia dan Ilmu yang Berkaitan2026-08-11UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA;FAKULTAS SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGIThesis

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