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bibo:abstract "This study examines the concept of “the sealing of the heart” (khatm al-qalb) in Q.S. al-Baqarah [2]:7 through an integration of classical Qur’anic exegesis and neuroscience. This study is motivated by the different explanatory domains of classical exegesis, which situates khatm al-qalb within moral-spiritual and theological dimensions, and neuroscience, which explains the cognitive and emotional mechanisms involved in the formation and maintenance of beliefs. This study aims to describe and analyze classical exegetes’ interpretations of the concept of khatm al-qalb, explain the cognitive and emotional mechanisms associated with resistance to changes in beliefs, and develop an integrative synthesis to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the concept.\r\nThis study employs a qualitative library research method with an interdisciplinary-integrative approach and integrative-critical analysis. The primary sources include the Qur’an; the exegetical works of al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr, al-Qurṭubī, and Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī; as well as relevant literature on neuroscience and cognitive psychology. The findings indicate that, according to classical exegesis, khatm al-qalb refers to a condition in which the heart becomes sealed as a consequence of repeated disbelief, denial, and rejection of the truth, resulting in a gradual decline in openness to divine guidance. From a neuroscientific perspective, resistance to changes in beliefs may be associated with cognitive dissonance, defensive emotional responses, motivated reasoning, confirmation bias, habituation, and neuroplasticity, which, when repeatedly reinforced, may strengthen cognitive and emotional rigidity. The integration of these two perspectives produces a conceptual model that describes “the sealing of the heart” as a gradual and cumulative process, beginning with exposure to the truth, followed by cognitive conflict and defensive emotional responses, rejection and rationalization, and repeated reinforcement of established patterns that may lead to the condition of khatm al-qalb. This integration is functional-analogical and complementary; neuroscience is not employed to replace classical exegesis or to prove the theological dimension of khatm al-qalb, but rather to explain the cognitive and emotional mechanisms that may accompany the process."^^xsd:string;
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