Institutional Repository UIN Sunan Kalijaga YogyakartaAKAL DAN ILMU DALAM PEMIKIRAN NURUDDIN AR-RANIRYNIM.: 23205011014MolizaauthorThis research is based on the emergence of theological debates in the Sultanate of Aceh Darussalam in the 17th century, especially concerning the wujūdiyyah teaching of Ḥamzah Fanṣūrī and Syams ad-Dīn as-Sumaṭrānī, which was considered to blur the boundary between the Creator and His creatures. Nūr ad-Dīn ar-Rānīrī, an ulama who came from India, opposed this teaching because, in his view, wujūdiyyah had made God identical with nature due to the use of reason that went beyond the boundary of revelation (naql). Although ar-Rānīrī is a central figure in this polemic, previous studies about him tend to focus only on the debate of Sufism or the network of transnational ulama. Meanwhile, the epistemological system that he built has not been explored much by researchers. So that, this research aims to fill this gap by deeply analyzing the definition, position, function, and classification of reason and knowledge in ar-Rānīrī’s thought, in order to reveal the rational basis behind it. This qualitative research is designed as a library research with a historical-philosophical approach. The primary data source is the text of Ḥujjat aṣ-Ṣiddīq li Daf' az-Zindīq, which has been transliterated by Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas, both in Malay pegon and translated into English. The data was processed by using descriptive technique, which is used to formulate the concepts of reason and knowledge as a whole, then it was analyzed further to break down the phenomenon in more detail. This epistemological structure was then read through al-Gazālī’s theory, especially the theory of hierarchical judges (hakim bertingkat) and the mirror metaphor, as the main analytical tool. The findings of this research show that ar-Rānīrī positioned reason under the supremacy of revelation, which functionally verifies the validity of knowledge. Through the examination of the text of Ḥujjat aṣ-Ṣiddīq, ar-Rānīrī divided wujūdiyyah into two groups, namely Muwaḥḥidah and Mulḥidah. In the wujūdiyyah polemic, ar-Rānīrī’s critique was directed to wujūdiyyah mulḥidah, which equated Allah with nature. In his critique, ar-Rānīrī used the metaphor of mirror and sun as a proof that nature as mazhar is not identical with the Essence of God. He also used al-Gazālī’s framework of hierarchical judges, with a slight change in its orientation of use. If in al-Gazālī’s framework it was used as an instrument to search for certain spiritual truth, al-Raniri used it as an instrument of verification and regulation of tauhid doctrine, in order to establish Sunni orthodoxy in the Sultanate of Aceh.297.01 Pemikiran keagamaan Islam2026-01-26UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA;FAKULTAS USHULUDIN DAN PEMIKIRAN ISLAMThesis

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