SPEECH ACTS OF BARTLEBY’S AND THE LAWYER’S UTTERANCES IN THE SHORT STORY OF BARTLEBY THE SCRIVENER A STORY OF WALL STREET BY HERMAN MELVILLE

ISTIQOMATUL FITRI, NIM. 09150096 (2017) SPEECH ACTS OF BARTLEBY’S AND THE LAWYER’S UTTERANCES IN THE SHORT STORY OF BARTLEBY THE SCRIVENER A STORY OF WALL STREET BY HERMAN MELVILLE. Skripsi thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA.

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Abstract

A short story is one of popular culture products. A short story tells the literary work whether non-fiction or fiction. This short story tells about a man work in the lawyer’s office as the photocopier of document. Bartleby is old man as new worker at that office. The writer uses this story as her analysis object by using speech act theory upon Bartleby and the lawyer’s utterances. The theory describes function in every utterances. This analysis draws conclusion that there are 32 of Bartleby’s utterances. There are four major functions, those are: declarations, representatives, expressive and directives. Declarations in Bartleby’s utterances consist of two types: (1) deciding amount to 8, and (2) delaying amount to 2. Representatives consist of two types: (1) informing amount to 18, and (2) asserting amount to 1. Directives consist two types: (1) questioning amount to 1, and (2) requesting amount to 1. Expressive In Bartleby’s utterances only have one type named complaining which is amount to 1 utterance. There are 48 of the lawyer’s utterances found in the short story with the following details: declarations 2, representatives 7, directive 39, and expressive 4.Those data are all including in the functions of speech act. Based on the lawyer’s utterances, those are declaration only has one kind named deciding, representative has two kinds (informing and asserting), directive has four kinds (command, suggestion, questioning and requesting), and expressive has three kinds (complaining, apologizing and lauding).Then Bartleby’s and the lawyer’s dialogs doesn’t use commissive the function of speech act on their utterances.Cerita pendek merupakan salah satu karya sastra yang mengalami perkembangan signifikan pada zaman sekarang. Cerita pendek menceritakan sebuah karya sastra dari fiksi maupun non-fiksi. Cerita pendek ini menceritakan tentang seorang pekerja di sebuah kantor pengacara, dia sebagai fotocopi dokumen. Bartleby adalah seorang laki-laki tua sebagai pekerja baru di kantor tersebut. Penulis menggunakan cerita ini sebagai objek penelitian dengan menggunakan teori speech act pada tuturan Bartleby dan pengacara. Teori ini menjelaskan tentang fungsi speech act pada setiap tuturan. Penelitian ini menghasilkan kesimpulan bahwa ada 32 ujaran Bartleby. Ada empat fungsi dalam ujaran Bartleby yaitu: deklarasi, representasi, ekspresi dan direktif. Adapun perinciannya sebagai berikut: data deklarasi dari tuturan Bartleby memiliki dua jenis yaitu: (1) memutuskan yang berjumlah 8 ujaran, (2) menunda dengan jumlah 2 ujaran. Data representasi dari tuturan Bartleby memiliki dua jenis: (1) memberitahu dengan jumlah 18, (2) memastikan dengan jumlah 1. Data ekspresi dari tuturan Bartleby hanya memiliki satu jenis yaitu menyangkal. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis juga menemukan ada 48 ujaran pengacara. Ada empat fungsi juga dalam ujaran pengacara yaitu: deklarasi hanya memiliki satu jenis yaitu memutuskan. Data representasi mempunyai dua jenis: (1) memberitahu (2) memastikan. Data direktif dari tuturan pengacara mempunyai empat jenis: (1) memerintah (2) menyarankan (3) bertanya (4) meminta. Data ekspresi dari tuturan pengacara mempunyai tiga jenis: (1) menyangkal, (2) meminta maaf, (3) memuji. Jadi Bartleby dan pengacara tidak menggunakan fungsi komisif dalam tuturannya.

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