ASMA BARLAS AND ABDULLAH SAEED’S QUR’ANIC INTERPRETATIONS: A STUDY OF HUSBAND’S AUTHORITY OVER HIS WIFE

MUHAMMAD LUTHFI DHULKIFLI, NIM. 14530069 (2018) ASMA BARLAS AND ABDULLAH SAEED’S QUR’ANIC INTERPRETATIONS: A STUDY OF HUSBAND’S AUTHORITY OVER HIS WIFE. Skripsi thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA.

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Abstract

The interpretation of Q. 4:34 is a crucial point in relation to husband’s authority over his wife in the family matter. The classical and textual interpretation of Q. 4:34 that supported by Sayyid Qut}b, Ibnu Kasir, al-Jasas, and al-Zamakhsyari give husband’s authority over his wife. For some contemporary scholars, these interpretations are textual and indicated as bias against women. Therefore, it needs an appropriate methodological framework to reinterpret Q.4:34 in the Muslim context today. Among some contemporary scholars, Asma Barlas and Abdullah Saeed suggest an appropriate method on reading Q. 4:34. Barlas focuses on recovering egalitarian voice of Islam and Saeed suggests a contextual approach. Barlas and Saeed’s approaches of reading Q. 4:34 was aimed to debate the classical interpretation that relies only on linguistic approach and is considered bias against women. This research focuses on Asma Barlas and Abdullah Saeed Qur’anic interpretations as the representation of the contemporary scholars with their modern approaches. It is a comparative library research. The primary data includes Asma Barlas’ book on believing Women in Islam: Unreading Patriarchal Interpretations of the Qur’an and Abdullah Saeed’s book on Interpreting the Qur’an: Toward Contemporary Approach and Reading the Qur’an in the Twenty-First Century: A Contemporary Approach. This research analyzes Barlas and Saeed’s interpretation of Q. 4:34 in case of husband’s authority over his wife based on Max Weber and Khaled Abou Fadl authority’s framework. In concern to the authority discussion, these frameworks give a deep exploration of husband’s authority of Q. 4:34. At the end, this research try to analyze Barlas and Saeed’s frame understanding of Q. 4:34 on Gadamer’s hermeneutic concept. This research concludes that Asma Barlas and Abdullah Saeed reject the traditional and coercive authorities within the patriarchal culture of the early Muslim period. They also reject the idea of charismatic authority as there is no parallel relation between God and husband. They share the interpretation of husband’s obligation to provide economic resources for the family. According to them, equal authority should be the principle to create a mutual relationship between husband and wife in the family. Although Barlas and Saeed have a similar argument on authority’s framework, they use a different approach to understand Q. 4:34. Barlas did not refer to pre-modern Qur’anic commentaries like Saeed did. Otherwise, Saeed who masters Arabic used several Qur’anic coommentaries to cover his interpretation. From the hermeneutic perspective, the rule of Islamization in Pakistan during 1980 and being highly educated woman in the United States encourage Barlas to struggle for women’s right. Meanwhile, Saeed’s critical method of Qur’anic reading was developed since his move to Australia and Fazlur Rahman inspires most of the content of his book.

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