The Portrayal of Aishah In Martin Lings’s “Muhammad: His Life Based on The Earliest Sources” Novel

Hasbana, Arina and Sari, Ulyati Retno (2019) The Portrayal of Aishah In Martin Lings’s “Muhammad: His Life Based on The Earliest Sources” Novel. In: PROCEEDINGS Adab-International Conference on Information and Cultural Sciences “Cultural Literacy and Islam in the Post-Truth Society”. prosiding (-). UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA, Yogyakarta, pp. 176-187. ISBN 2715-0550

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Abstract

“Muhammad: His Life Based on the Earliest Sources” is a novel written by Martin Lings. As a male writer, Martin Lings’s male subjectivity might influence the way he describes the female character (Aishah). The description of a female character by a male author is often problematic for the issue of gender bias. Gender bias is a social construction of women and men position in a society. So that, male gaze is included in this process. In this novel, Aishah is a unique character, because she is the youngest wife of the Prophet Muhammad. This research examines how the character of Aishah is narrated by the male author in the story. This research uses qualitative method that applies descriptive analysis. Library research is applied to find the necessary data of this research. In examining the data Narratology theory by Mieke Bal is used. It focuses on the focalization that talks about Aishah. According to Mieke Bal, there are types of focalization; the focalizer and the focalized object. In the result, this research concludes that the male gaze is powerful and Aishah is powerless. Male gaze determines of everything about the character. How reader sees Aishah, her life, her characteristics, and her existence in the story is a male gaze. Keywords: gender, Aishah, focalization, male gaze, characteristics

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