Jilbab in Indonesia: The Contestation Between Power Relation and Social Identity

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Abstract

As part of religious symbols, jilbab in Indonesia has shown a significant change. Not only because the proliferation of this Islamic fashion is visible across the multiple sites in this country, but also because Indonesia doesn’t have a historical and cultural background on Islamic fashion. Since the arrival of Islam in the 13th century, the distinctive symbol for Muslimah or women Muslim was like kerudung, or kind of headscarf combined with kebaya or baju kurung which used to be related to Melayu tradition. However, during this two decades, Islamic fashion has been developing in such tremendous way which seemingly create such a hybrid culture of fashion among the Muslims. If this transformation should be correlative with piety, how can we read Jilbab phenomenon in Indonesia? It’s a library research. The writer tried to relate the current phenomenon, religious issue as well as historical perspectives to support the data and analysis. The research shows that as part of religious symbols, jilbab is not predominantly seen as a sign which associates to a certain ideology or theological framework. Jilbab is much more seen as religious and social phenomena in which power relation contribute in driving the change both by providing and eliminating the room for it to develop. For example, during the New Order, the authority was so powerful and controlled the religious life including the ban of jilbab among the public sphere. This policy did not only create a resistance among the Muslim but also potentially provide a similar pattern for the following power . For instance, when the next regime gives freedom to the religious life and jilbab could eventually change the feature of Indonesian Muslims, in several areas, this kind of fashion has become such compulsory and turn into social identity. Even, like in Aceh, or West Sumatera, in line with the district autonomy policy, people think that they have a right to determine their identity including to make jilbab as compulsory for school uniform. Hence, in some decades, there’s a shift in perceiving jilbab, from theological perspective to religio-social identity.

Item Type: Article
Uncontrolled Keywords: Jilbab , contestation, power relation, social identity
Subjects: Masalah Sosial
Divisions: Paper
Depositing User: Miftahul Ulum [IT Staff]
Date Deposited: 17 Jun 2020 09:30
Last Modified: 17 Jun 2020 09:30
URI: http://digilib.uin-suka.ac.id/id/eprint/39317

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