PERANAN PAKU BUWANA X DALAM MODERNISASI PENDIDIKAN ISLAM MAMBAUL ‘ULUM DI SURAKARTA TAHUN 1905-1939

Qisthi Faradina Ilma Mahanani, NIM.: 17201020010 (2020) PERANAN PAKU BUWANA X DALAM MODERNISASI PENDIDIKAN ISLAM MAMBAUL ‘ULUM DI SURAKARTA TAHUN 1905-1939. Masters thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA.

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Abstract

This thesis discusses the role of Paku Buwana X in the modernization process of Mambaul 'Ulum Islamic education in Surakarta during the period 19051939 M. This thesis discusses how the modernization process of Mambaul 'Ulum Islamic education in Surakarta in 1905-1939, then it explains the role play of Paku Buwana X in the modernization of Mambaul 'Ulum Islamic Education in Surakarta. In addition, it describes how the influence of modernization of Islamic education at Madrasah Mambaul 'Ulum in the development of Islamic education and the syiar of Islam in Surakarta and its surroundings. This thesis is a library research with a historical method which includes four steps, namely heuristics, verification, interpretation, and historiography. This is a social-historical writing that seeks to analyze historical events by using a sociological approach. This thesis uses the modernization theory of J. W. Schoorl to see the modernization of Islamic education in Surakarta in 1905-1939. Meanwhile, in examining the position and the role of a king in Kasunanan Surakarta Palace (Paku Buwana X) in the modernization of Mambaul ʻUlum Islamic education in Surakarta from 1905 to 1939, by using the role theory of Soerjono Soekanto. The results of the research are: first, the modernization of Islamic education in Surakarta is motivated by several factors, the first is the Dutch colonialization factor that applies ethical politics by establishing several Western-style schools, then the development of Islamic education itself from the influence of the Middle East. The development of Islamic education in Surakarta is evident from the existence of a madrasah called Mambaul 'Ulum as a modern education system founded by Paku Buwana X. This madrasah is a school that implements a combination of Western education system with Islamic boarding school education. This madrasah is also considered to be the beginning of the development in the modernization of Islamic education in Surakarta. Second, Paku Buwana X's position as the King of Kasunanan Surakarta protects the community by involved in maintaining the existence of Islam in Surakarta. Ethical policy and the system of ordinance carried out by the Dutch also had an effect on the reduction in head-tohead officials in the palace. In stemming and maintaining the existence of Islam and the availability of archival officials in Surakarta, Paku Buwana X is modernized Islamic education. Third, the Modernization of Mambaul 'Ulum Madrasah has been giving an influence on the development of Islamic education both within and outside the palace and Islamic syiar for Surakarta community and its surroundings.

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