PENDIDIKAN HOLISTIK DI PERGURUAN MUHAMMADIYAH JAWA TIMUR (STUDI KASUS SMA MUHAMMADIYAH 2 SIDOARJO)

Arba'iyah Yusuf, NIM.: 1330017001 (2020) PENDIDIKAN HOLISTIK DI PERGURUAN MUHAMMADIYAH JAWA TIMUR (STUDI KASUS SMA MUHAMMADIYAH 2 SIDOARJO). Doctoral thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA.

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Abstract

Education as a form of endeavor to build human civilization needs to always change in accordance with dynamic of human life. The problem of education in Indonesia up to the 20th century in general was the tendency of the mainstream education pattern to place its main target on academic achievement and getting a job. This can be seen from the assessment model that does not include personality elements. Meanwhile, the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 20 of 2003 mandates national education to shape students into perfect personalities. The tendency of the mainstream education pattern in Indonesia seems to cause some moral problems among the young generation. It is the time for education to implement laws that place the whole personality as its target. This mandate is in line with the needs of the 21st century, namely the development of the personality of students as a whole from spiritual, intellectual, moral, social, creativity, and physical elements. At the end of the 20th century, education that leads to these six potentials as personality perfection is offered by holistic education. Muhammadiyah as a modern organization that was established before Indonesia's independence has a big concern for education by prioritizing its educational goals in the development of three personality entities, namely individualiteite, socialiteite, and moraliteite. These three personality dimensions provide proofs that Muhammadiyah develops a holistic education. Therefore, this research is very important and interesting as it combines analysis of holistic education in Muhammadiyah and holistic education that is developing in the West. This research takes SMA Muhammadiyah 2 Sidoarjo as the locus of the case study because this school is unique in the form of developing several themes; the final theme set is SMA Muhammadiyah 2 Sidoarjo as the School of Holistic Education. This research focuses on four studies, first why SMA Muhammadiyah 2 Sidoarjo takes the theme as a school of holistic education and how SMA Muhammadiyah 2 Sidoarjo formulates the concept of holistic education in the framework of its educational practice; second, how holistic education that is practiced contributes to the development of individual personality entity of the students; third, how holistic education that is practiced contributes to the development of the personality of students of the socialiteite entity; and fourth is how holistic education that is practiced contributes to the development of the personality of students of the moraliteite entity. This research is a qualitative study using a sociological philosophical approach. The data collection method used was document study, observation and in-depth interviews. The data analysis used is the interactive data technique of Miles and Huberman which includes three activities, namely data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions or verification. The results showed the following. First, (a) determining the theme of SMAMDA as the holistic education is based on practical and philosophical backgrounds, both of which lead to improving the quality of education and learning and improving school management; (b) the school community of SMA Muhammadiyah 2 Sidoarjo have different concepts of holistic education; it can be concluded that the results of the development of children's personalities consist of: 1) developing four intelligences, namely intellectual, emotional, spiritual, and toughness, 2) developing eight intelligences called as multiple intelligence, and 3) the development of harmony of spirituality and humanity. Second, the practice of holistic education at SMA Muhammadiyah 2 Sidoarjo has been proven to contribute to the development of individual personality entity of the students which are manifested in the character of thestudents who develop as a result of educational practice based on three principles of spirituality, interconnectedness and human wholeness. Third, the practice of holistic education at SMA Muhammadiyah 2 Sidoarjo has been proven to contribute to the development of the personality of the socialiteite entity of the students which is manifested in students’ character as a result of education based on four principles, namely honoring student as individual, caring relations, freedom, and democracy. Fourth, the practice of holistic education at SMA Muhammadiyah 2 Sidoarjo is proven to contribute to the development of the student's personality of the moraliteite entity as the embodiment of the basic values of Muhammadiyah education and the development of good and bad views on human behavior based on al-Qur'a>n and al-Hadi>ts related to hablun minalla>h, hablun minanna>s, and hablun minal-'a>lam. Furthermore, this research shows that holistic education at SMA Muhammadiyah 2 Sidoarjo contributes to (a) the development of six students’ potentials, namely spiritual, intellectual, emotional, social, physical, aesthetic, (b) the development of three dimensions of selfknowledge, social abilities, and self moral concept.

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