RASIONALITAS KOMUNIKATIF AL-QURAN “REKONSTRUKSI DENGAN PRAGMA-LINGUISTIKA”

M. Firdaus, NIM.: 1430016005 (2021) RASIONALITAS KOMUNIKATIF AL-QURAN “REKONSTRUKSI DENGAN PRAGMA-LINGUISTIKA”. Doctoral thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA.

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Abstract

In general, academic studies on modern-contemporary Quran are still based on an assumption that the Quran is the historically-objective text. Furthermore, the direction of these studies is to reveal the linguistic meaning of the verses in their historical context at the time of revelation. The issues related to how the Qur’an influences readers outside of its historical context are not taken into consideration. The main claim of this study is that the Quran is the communication with number of audience levels. The Quran is the standing speech acts toward human beings. As the communicative acts, the approach in this research is pragmatic approach in which views language in function; the use of language in communication. The purpose of this study is to establish philosophical-historical-textual arguments on the Quran as communication and the importance of pragma-linguistics approach in studying that is in line with the main characteristic of the Quran as the communication (khithàb). The study also aims at figuring out the structure of communicative discourse as well as the speech act typology of the Qur’an based on audience type. Furthermore, the study is to reconstruct concepts, principles and structures of rationality in qur’anic communication. The study found that applying pragmatics in Quranic studies has to be compatible with the characteristics of communication in the Qur’an which is Asymmetrical and non-reciprocal, self-reference, and transsubjective communication in nature. As a result, conceptual Framework of pragmatics can be used, especially speech acts, deixis and presupposition. These concepts have to be adapted to the characteristics of communication in the Qur’an. Meanwhile, dealing with the structure of discourse and speech act typology in the Qur’an, it can be mapped out on the basis of audience design that consists of three levels: first order communication with the prophet as addressee; second order communication with human as addressee; and third order communication with human as addressee on the basis of the responsse types. Concepts and structures of rationality in the communication of the Qur’an do not differentiate between theoretical and practical rationality as in modern tradition. Rather, those rationalities are a unity. The description of communicative rationality according to data in the Qur’an is that rationality require: consistency between what is known/ believed to be true action; and when acting and thinking are independent of desire. The principles of rationality can be abstracted based on data in the Qur’an, namely autonomy, certainty, desire-independent, consistency.

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