SYI’ISME DALAM TAFSIR KONTEMPORER DI INDONESIA

Supandi, NIM.: 1430016009 (2021) SYI’ISME DALAM TAFSIR KONTEMPORER DI INDONESIA. Doctoral thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA.

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Abstract

The Quran exegesis method in this contemporaneous era in Indonesia tends to be different from that of earlier period. In addition to interpreting, interpreters in modern era criticize and purify earlier interpretations. To make this double movements, interpreters utilize approaches and multidisciplinary science to see last-time weaknesses and peer into future exegeses that provide answers to modern challenges. Introduced in a contemporaneous era, Shi’ism, involving two perspectives – Sunni and Shia, is a method that tries to respond modern challenges. This new, unique method of interpretation encourages pros and cons among Indonesian Muslims who, in majority, are Sunni followers. This study aims at describing shi’ism in dynamics exegesis development, and its constructions of interpretation in Indonesia during post-Iran revolution. In addition, the study tries to reveal the Indonesian Muslims’ reception toward shi’ism and to analyze its implications in connection with the development of Quran exegesis methodology. This study uses reception theory and sociology of knowledge approach. While books on exegeses by Sunni and Shia, these are al-Mīzān fī Tafsīr al-Qur’ān by Muhammad Husein Ṭabāṭabā’i, Mengungkap Rahasia Surat Yasin by Dasteghib, Tafsir Sufi al-Fatihah by Jalaluddin Rakhmat and Wawasan al-Qur’an by Quraish Shihab, are the primary sources of data, the others books, articles, journals written by experts (ulama) and dissertations are of another source. The writer examined and took relevant notes from primary and secondary sources. Data were analyzed while collecting them. The obtained data was then reduced and displayed in the form of descriptive narration. Toward the assorted data, qualitative analysis was conducted to find the answers of the formulated problems before conclusions were drawn. The results show that Indonesia, whose citizens are mostly Muslims, is quickly influenced by Shi’ism. Shi’ism in exegesis in Indonesia appears in several constructions, i.e.: first, the deployment xvii of Shia books of exegesis written in foreign languages such as Arabic, English and others; second, the translation of books of exegeses written by Shia ulama into Indonesian and their availability for public; third, the availability of exegeses written by native Indonesian Shia ulama; fourth, the reception by Indonesian Sunni interpreters as they begin to cite Shia ulama’s opinions. The moslem reception of shi’ism is so massive. They buy, read, collect, learn and disseminate the ideas. However, resistance against shi’ism is inevitable. There are two clusters of this kind, i.e. the apologetic who refuse Shia and anything related to it and the moderate who are against some points and take some others under certain argument. In term of Quran study reform, shi’ism in exegesis brings up exegesis collaborative method (tafsir ta’aawuni) that Shia and Sunni fill and complete each other.

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