PERILAKU POLITIK MASSA MUHAMMADIYAH DI YOGYAKARTA TAHUN 1945-1960

Muchammad Nailul Jamil, NIM.: 19201022012 (2021) PERILAKU POLITIK MASSA MUHAMMADIYAH DI YOGYAKARTA TAHUN 1945-1960. Masters thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA.

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Abstract

This research is focused on the political behavior of the Muhammadiyah masses in Yogyakarta in 1945-1960. Political behavior universally refers to domestic factors from the person himself such as archetypes, intellectual qualities, and soul desires, while external aspects such as religious activities, society, commerce, state administration, and other scopes. The formulation of the problem discussed as follows: a). the development of Muhammadiyah throughout Indonesia; b). Muhammadiyah dynamics in the independence revolution; and c). practical political contribution of Muhammadiyah in Yogyakarta. The purpose of this study: a). identify the development of Muhammadiyah in Yogyakarta; b). describe the dynamics of Muhammadiyah politics during the independence revolution; and c). find the relevance of Muhammadiyah's practical political contribution in Yogyakarta. This research is a literature review using the historical method, which includes four steps, namely heuristics, verification, interpretation, and historiography. The approach used in this research is a political approach, namely actions that use power aimed at maintaining the pattern of the layers of the people. This study uses the theory of voter behavior from Dennis Kavanagh, which describes three styles for investigating voter behavior, namely sociological approaches, social psychology, and rational choice. The results of this study are as follows: first, the development of Muhammadiyah to all corners of Indonesia is due to various factors, especially Muhammadiyah activities in various fields of education, social and religion. Second, in addition to these various activities, Muhammadiyah in its development experienced various dynamics, especially during the physical revolution. This is related to the political behavior of Muhammadiyah which wants all government activities to be based on Islam which emerged before the formulation of the draft on Indonesian sovereignty in economic, social, political and other aspects. Third, the political participation of the Muhammadiyah masses in the general election between 1951-1957 AD in Yogyakarta followed the rise and fall of the influence of the political parties it supported as seen in Muhammadiyah's support for the Masyumi party. The formal support of the Muhammadiyah masses, either individually or institutionally, has an impact on the ideological and historical ties to the Masyumi party.

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