KETIADAAN PENEGAKAN ETIKA KONSTITUSI OLEH PRESIDEN DALAM PENYELENGGARAAN PEMILIHAN UMUM TAHUN 2024

Farhan Rizki Pratama, NIM.: 21103070019 (2025) KETIADAAN PENEGAKAN ETIKA KONSTITUSI OLEH PRESIDEN DALAM PENYELENGGARAAN PEMILIHAN UMUM TAHUN 2024. Skripsi thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA.

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Abstract

Elections, as a manifestation of popular sovereignty in a constitutional democracy, should be conducted by upholding the principles of justice, neutrality, and integrity. However, the 2024 election has sparked controversy over President Joko Widodo's involvement, which is considered non-neutral and tends to favor a candidate who is related to the incumbent president. Three main forms of involvement that have been criticized include political partisanship, campaign conflicts of interest, and the politicization of social assistance, sparking public and academic debate about violations of ethical principles in democratic practice. Therefore, it is important to examine these actions from the perspective of Constitutional Ethics and the values of Fiqh Siyasah as a reflection of the moral and constitutional responsibilities of state officials. This study uses normative legal research with a descriptive-analytical nature. Three approaches are applied in the study, including a case approach, a legislative approach, and a conceptual approach. The sources of legal materials for this study consist of primary legal sources, namely the 1945 Constitution, MPR Decree Number VI/XXI/2001 concerning National Ethics, Constitutional Court Decision Number 1-2/PHPU.PRES-XXII/2024 and Law Number 7 of 2017 concerning General Elections. Secondary legal sources used are law books, legal journals, theses and other supporting materials. The data collection technique in compiling this research is qualitative analysis by conducting a review of literature related to the research topic. The research findings show that although the President's actions are legally legitimate, they ethically violate the principles of neutrality, fairness, and electoral integrity. The three main forms of involvement criticized include political partisanship, campaign conflicts of interest, and the politicization of social assistance, demonstrating a weak moral commitment and ethical enforcement in state administration. From a fiqh siyasa perspective, these actions constitute a betrayal of the mandate of power and a disregard for the principle of public welfare. Therefore, this research recommends the establishment of a code of ethics for state officials and the strengthening of ethical institutions to uphold the dignity of democracy and civilized constitutional values.

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