STRUKTUR SURAT-SURAT ALIF-LAM-MIM DALAM AL-QUR’AN

Khoirun Niat, NIM.: 1430012014 (2019) STRUKTUR SURAT-SURAT ALIF-LAM-MIM DALAM AL-QUR’AN. Doctoral thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA.

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Abstract

The thematic study of the Qur’an does not seem to appreciate the existence of Ḥurūf Muqaṭṭa’ah (disjoined or disconnected or mysterious letters). What is called al-Waḥdah al-Mauḍū'iyah fī al-Sūrah (the unity of the theme of the chapter) often ‘ignores’ the series of the letters as the beginning of the chapter (Surah). A lot of studies on Ḥurūf Muqatta'ah have not been able to show the position of the letter in the central theme carried in a chapter. As an opening chapter of the Qur’an, of course the letter has a certain relation to the contents of the chapter. This study aims to determine: (1) the structure of the chapters beginning with alif-lam-mīm; (2) the position of aliflami- mīm in the structure; and (3) why the chapters begin with alif-lām-mīm. This research, theoretically, can find new meanings of the Ḥurūf Muqaṭṭa’ah mainly in the form of aliflām- mīm while developing the theory of ‘unity of the theme of the chapters’. This qualitative library research uses the main data source taken from the verses contained in the chapters with alif-lām-mīm. A structural approach is used for structurally analyzing the gathered data using the method developed by Levi’s Strauss. This method is done by searching for the mytheme (the main elements of the story) as binary opposition and then arranges the mytheme in a syntagmatic and paradigmatic manner. This research concludes that: (1) the structure of alif-lāmmīm is a three structure (non-precise triangle) with three interacting points; two opposite points and one point between the two but not right in the middle; two points (alif and mīm) become the symbol of believers and infidels whereas one point (lām) becomes a symbol of a hypocrite; (2) The relation between alif-lami-mīm and the chapter that begins with it is a structural symbolic relation, meaning that alif-lami-mīm and the structure in it is a symbol which shows the structure of the contents of the chapter that begins with it. Thus, alif-lām-mīm occupies the main position as a symbol as well as a summary of the contents of the chapter; (3) the six chapters (al-Baqarah, Ali Imran, al-Ankabut, al-Rum, Luqman and al-Sajdah) begin with the same form because they have the same content structure which is shown by the alif-lām-mīmform.

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