PEMBAGIAN WARIS ANAK PEREMPUAN DALAM QS AN-NISA [4] : 11-14 DAN KONTEKSTUALISASINYA PADA PEMBAGIAN WARIS ADAT MANDAILING (ANALISA TEORI MA’NA CUM MAGHZA)

Ziska Yanti, NIM.: 20205031024 (2023) PEMBAGIAN WARIS ANAK PEREMPUAN DALAM QS AN-NISA [4] : 11-14 DAN KONTEKSTUALISASINYA PADA PEMBAGIAN WARIS ADAT MANDAILING (ANALISA TEORI MA’NA CUM MAGHZA). Masters thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA.

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Abstract

The religiosity of the Mandailing people indicated by the motto "ombar do adat dohot ugama" (the implementation of adat and religion can be in line and side by side) is not applied, especially in the division of inheritance. In the custom of Mandailing girls do not get an inheritance, so it is contrary to the division of inheritance in the Qur'an. The division of inheritance in the Qur'an with the provisions of 1:2 between boys and girls contained in QS. An-Nisa [4]: 11-14 drew controversy over its interpretation and was questioned by many circles. Classical scholars argue that the provisions of 1: 2 is the law of qat'i which is ta'abbudi that must be carried out, while contemporary scholars understand that inheritance is part of the law of muamalah and possible ijtihad with historical context approach. The social condition of the community that has undergone transformation makes the textual understanding of this verse demanding to be reconstructed taking into account the historical context of both micro and macro. Therefore the study intends to review QS. an-Nisa [4]:11-14 and contextualize with the waris of daughters in adat mandailing using the ma‟na cum maghza application. This study is a literature review (library research) with a critical analytical approach using the theory of ma'na cum maghza which has two main steps, namely uncovering historical significance (al-maghza at-tarikhi) by searching for historical meaning (ma‟na at-tarikhi) in linguistic analysis, intratectuality, intertextuality, historical context analysis and uncovering the main message of the verse. Then the next step reveals the contemporary dynamic significance (almaghza al-mutaharrikh al-Mu'assir) of QS. An-Nisa [4]: 11-14. The contemporary dynamic significance found in this verse is: first men and women get equal rights in inheritance, taraka is property left by a deceased person for the survival of the heirs. The form of taraka in the contemporary era can be understood from three aspects, including historical aspects, sociological aspects and legal aspects. Second, the law that God has decreed must be followed and obeyed as a form of faith. Third, obedience and obedience in fulfilling the inheritance law will be rewarded. Fourth, iniquity and adultery in the inheritance law are given the threat of sin and Hell by God. The purpose of QS. An-Nisa [4]: 11-14 is to demand justice and equal rights between men and women in terms of inheritance, the difference in inheritance section is explained by the scholars because of differences in the burden and obligations in the household, referring to this opinion then the daughter does not get an inheritance in the Mandailing custom can not be said to violate the rules set out in the Qur'an, because traditionally women are in the responsibility of men entirely. However, if there is no one to bear the life of the woman, it is necessary to give part of the inheritance in accordance with the responsibilities that lie with her.

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